Contemporary issues of financial sustainability in the pension system in Azerbaijan

The article examines the problems of financing and forecasting within Azerbaijan's system of social insurance and pension provision. Through a thorough theoretical and methodological analysis based on the current regulatory and management framework, the main aspects of financial sustainability challenges were identified. The research evaluates the complex interplay between demographic, economic, and institutional factors affecting the pension system?s long-term viability. The study?s main scientific innovation lies in the development of a comprehensive analytical approach to a specific country model, providing methodological frameworks to handle financial security and sustainability issues, thereby expanding and improving the methodological foundation for financial management and forecasting in social protection systems Particular attention is drawn to relevant priorities for strengthening the financial foundation of social protection, identified as the most critical factor in improving overall social protection. The findings provide a valuable theoretical basis for policy development at the national management level within the current pension system, which operates solely on the solidarity principle.