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Keynes Devrimi Ve Keynesyen İktisat

Author

Listed:
  • Mahir FİSUNOĞLU

    (Cukurova University)

  • Bilge KÖKSEL TAN

    (Gaziantep University)

Abstract

J.M.Keynes, geleneksel iktisadın “kendiliğinden tam istihdamda denge” kavramına karşı çıkmış ve iktisatta bir “devrim” yaratmıştır. Keynes’in “Genel Teori”sinin başarısı, bir ölçüde dönemin hem ekonomik ve sosyal şartlarına, hem de öne sürdüğü yeni teorinin bilimsel karakteristiğine bağlıdır. Geleneksel (ortodoks) iktisadın öngörüleri yaşanan gerçeklerle uyuşmuyordu. 1930’lu yıllarda İngiltere ve batının sanayiileşmiş diğer ülkeleri, ortodoks iktisadın açıklayamadığı endüstriyel durgunlukla birlikte uzun süre devam eden yoğun işsizlik deneyimini yaşıyordu. İşte böyle bir ortamda Keynes, belirsizliğin iktisadi analizlerdeki önemi, paranın ekonomide değişen rolü ve eksik istihdam varsayımı ile Klasik iktisadı temelinden sarsmıştır. Keynes, öne sürdüğü yeni fikirler ile iktisatta gerçek bir “devrim” yaratmıştır. Bu devrim, karşı devrimlerin ortaya çıkmasına yol açmıştır. Keynesyen İktisat, temelde Keynes’in argümanlarına dayanmakla birlikte zaman içerisinde Keynesyen İktisatçılar’ın Keynes’in özgün görüşlerinden uzaklaşarak “Neo-Klasik Sentez” çatısı altında toplandıkları görülmüştür. Neo- Klasik Sentez, Keynes’in “devrim” niteliği taşıyan görüşlerini geri plana itmiştir. Çalışmada Keynes’in İktisadı ile Keynesyen İktisat, paylaştıkları temel argümanlar ve ayrıldıkları temel varsayımlar açısından incelenmeye çalışılacaktır.

Suggested Citation

  • Mahir FİSUNOĞLU & Bilge KÖKSEL TAN, 2009. "Keynes Devrimi Ve Keynesyen İktisat," Ekonomik Yaklasim, Ekonomik Yaklasim Association, vol. 20(70), pages 31-60.
    • Handle: RePEc:eyd:eyjrnl:v:20:y:2009:i:70:p:31-60
    DOI: 10.5455/ey.10680
    Note: [English Title] KEYNES’S REVOLUTION AND KEYNESIAN ECONOMICS [English Abstract] J.M.Keynes opposed to full employment equilibrium of traditional economics and made a revolution in economics. The success of Keynes’s General Theory partially depends on the economic and social conditions of those period and also depends on the scientific characteristics of the new theory which he has alleged. The foresights of the traditional (orthodox) economics conflicted with experience of reality. U.K. and other industrialized countries of the Western world had faced an experience of massive unemoployment with industrial stagnation which cannot be explained by orthodox economics in the 1930s. Therefore, Keynes had critized the Classical economy with the importance of the uncertainity in economic analysis, the different role of money in economics and underemployment assumptions. Keynes had a real “revolution” in economics whith his suggestions. This revolution leads to counter revolutions. Although Keynesian economics based on the arguments of Keynes, by the time some Keynesian economists differed from Keynes’s original opinions and that they are grouped under Neo- Classical Synthesis”. Neo- Classical Synthesis has drawn back the revolutionist suggestions of Keynes. In this study, economics of Keynes and Keynesian economics are tried to investigate with common basic arguments and basic assumptions that they difffer from each other. [English Keywords] Economics of Keynes, Keynesian Economics, Different Interpretations of Keynes
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    Keywords

    Keynes’in İktisadı; Keynesyen İktisat;

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