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Küreselleşmenin Gelir Dağılımı Üzerindeki Etkileri

Author

Listed:
  • Aziz KONUKMAN

    (Gazi University)

  • Cemil ÇİFTÇİ

    (Gazi University)

Abstract

Küreselleşme 20. yüzyılın en önemli olgularından biri olmuştur. Ancak devam eden tartışmalara rağmen, küreselleşmenin kazanç ve kayıpları üzerinde bir fikir birliğine varılamamıştır. Küreselleşmeyi iki önemli faktör etkilemiştir. Bunlardan birincisi, teknolojik yeniliklerden kaynaklanan özel sektördeki ulaşım ve haberleşme maliyetlerindeki azalma, diğeri ise gelişmiş ülkeler ve uluslararası kuruluşlar tarafından uygulanan politikaların etkileriyle ticaret, doğrudan yabancı yatırımlar ve sermaye akımları üzerindeki engellerin azalmasıdır. Hem gelişmiş hem de gelişmekte olan ülkelerde küreselleşmeye karşıt birçok fikir bulunmaktadır. Küreselleşmeye olan tepkilerin temel nedenlerinden biri, dış ticaretteki artışla birlikte bazı gruplarda issizlik ve/veya gelir kayıplarının aynı anda ortaya çıkabilmesi, diğeri ise özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde küreselleşme sürecinde iktisadi istikrarsızlıkların arta bilmesidir. Bu kapsamda küreselleşme hem dünya gelirinin ülkeler arasında, hem de ulusal gelirin dağılımında önemli bir rol oynamaktadır. Dolayısıyla bu çalışmanın amacı, küreselleşmenin yoksulluk ve gelir eşitsizliği üzerindeki etkilerini gelişmekte olan ve gelişmiş ülke deneyimleri çerçevesinde değerlendirmektir.

Suggested Citation

  • Aziz KONUKMAN & Cemil ÇİFTÇİ, 2008. "Küreselleşmenin Gelir Dağılımı Üzerindeki Etkileri," Ekonomik Yaklasim, Ekonomik Yaklasim Association, vol. 19(Special), pages 59-83.
    • Handle: RePEc:eyd:eyjrnl:v:19:y:2008:i:1:p:59-83
    DOI: 10.5455/ey.10649
    Note: [English Title] GLOBALIZATION AND INCOME DISTRIBUTION EFFECTS [English Abstract] Globalization has been one of the most critical phenomena in the 20. century. However, there is no consensus about its benefits and losses notwithstanding ongoing argues on it. There are two important factors which affect globalization. One of them is decreasing in transportation and communication costs for private sector, which result from technological innovations. And the other is decreasing barriers on trade, direct foreign investments and capital flows by which affects of the politicies implemented by developed countries and international organizations. There are a lot of opinions against globalization both in developed and in developing countries. One of the basic causes of these reactions against globalization is increasing unemployment and shrinking income of some groups coincides with increasing foreign trade, and the other is increasing economic instabilities especially in developing countries during the globalization. In this context, globalization plays an important role in both distribution of world income among the countries and distribution of national income. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of globalization on poverty and income inequality in the framework of developing and developed countries. [English Keywords] Globalization, Income Distribution, Inequality, Poverty
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