Analysis Of Changes in Plant Life Pattern Employing Sentinel-2 Satellite Data Using Spectral Indices

In the context of agricultural field management and vegetation cover classification, optical remote sensing plays a crucial role as a major information source. It is widely used for assessing and monitoring various land features. Specifically, during the dry and wet seasons from 2021 to 2022 in Maharashtra, India, the worsening drought conditions have led to poor crop yields. To investigate the spatiotemporal dynamics of vegetation structure, free-of-charge Sentinel-2 data can be utilized. Sentinel-2 provides different bands and spectral resolutions, enabling the calculation of various vegetation indices to assess vegetation status. Notably, the results from both dry and wet seasons exhibit comparable levels of vegetation greenness. For the assessment of vegetation cover accuracy, several vegetation indices can be calculated, including: The computation of Standardized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) includes making use of electromagnetic spectrum regions that include visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Making use of high- and medium-resolution remote sensing images, this methodology can effectively monitor variations in vegetation greenness cover areas. This approach offers an accurate technique for vegetation cover monitoring and can be applied to remote sensing, providing a valuable means for analyzing difference in vegetation greenness.