Evaluation of Secondary Metabolites and Antimicrobial Activity of Herbal Syrups of Different Brands

The present study focuses on the evaluation of phytochemical constituents, antimicrobial properties, and antioxidant activity of four commercially available herbal syrups: Pitpara Putpak Swaras, Kasantak, Shrifal Swaras Ghan, and Sharmayu Chandanoshir Pey. Qualitative phytochemical screening was conducted to detect the presence of secondary metabolites including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, phenolic compounds, and glycosides using standard methods. Antimicrobial efficacy was assessed against Gram-negative clinical isolates (Salmonella spp., Yersinia spp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Serratia rubidaea) using the disc diffusion method. Among the formulations, Kasantak exhibited the most significant inhibitory zones, particularly against P. aeruginosa. Furthermore, antioxidant potential was evaluated using the DPPH radical scavenging assay, revealing notable activity in samples positive for phenolic compounds. The study suggests a correlation between the presence of specific secondary metabolites and the observed antimicrobial and antioxidant properties, supporting the therapeutic relevance of these polyherbal formulations.