Theoretical Approaches towards Global Social Development

Background/Objective: The topicality of the research is stipulated by the determination of the theoretical approaches that could serve as a basis for path finding out of the global systemic crisis. Theoretical views of outstanding economists of the past toward the future of humanity and the real state of the world are of undoubted interest. The article deals with the ideas of G.V. Plekhanov, analyzes the results of their implementation in Russia in the 1990s. Possible perspectives of social development are associated with a change in the socio-economic views on the role and the place of nature in today’s context.Methods: The basic methods of studying this problem are the economic analysis, deduction, factor analysis and system-structural approach.Findings: The authors have given the analysis of the theory of economic growth stages, considered the views of Plekhanov toward the development of capitalism in Russia and the modification of the social nature of the monarchy and its consequences. To secure its future, the humankind is destined to change moral principles. Changing social consciousness depends on the level of culture and education. The theoretical approaches are determined that could be core ones in searching for ways out of the today’s global problems.Improvements/Novelty: Solving global problems of today such as nature and society, war and peace, social inequality is closely linked to changes in consumption patterns. Nature, life on the planet should be a common goal for all countries and peoples. Economy and politics should be subject to this goal. These findings are of practical value to scientists, economists, sociologists, philosophers, as well as for college teachers.