Russian Nanotechnology Industry Development: The Impact of External Political and Economic Sanctions

The article analyzes the results of nanotechnology industry (nanoindustry) development in Russia, and the negative and positive effects of sanctions imposed by the US, the EU and other countries in 2014-2015. The authors substantiate the need to identify new vectors and forms of government and private companies’ international cooperation in research, innovation and production applying nanotechnology. An assessment of the Russian government policy of import substitution of materials and equipment for domestic nanotechnology industry in terms of their relevance is carried out. The necessity to increase financial and social base of nanoindustry development, reliability and diversity of investment sources, activation of institutes and mechanisms of nanoindustry enterprises self-regulation are justified. The expediency of finding additional resources and forms of sanctions countering through the institutes and mechanisms of integration unions (EAEU, SCO, etc.) is pointed out. The presence of import substitution limits in modern Russian nanoindustry is shown, which sets the task to define its rational boundaries in the future.