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A Newly-Derived Cosmological Redshift Formula Which Solves the Hubble Tension and Yet Maintains Consistency with Tt = T0(1 + z),theRh = ct Principle and the Stefan-Boltzmann Law

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  • Espen Gaarder Haug
  • Eugene Terry Tatum

Abstract

Numerous cosmological redshift formulae have been suggested in the field of cosmology. One of these is the well-known cosmological redshift formula used in the Λ-CDM model and in some R_h = ct models. In a recent type of “black hole” cosmology model, the redshift formula is derived from three fundamental principles: that the Stefan-Boltzmann law holds with respect to perfect and almost perfect black bodies; that the universe follows the R_h = ct principle; and that the time-dependent CMB temperature in relation to cosmological redshift is given by the observed relation T_t = T_0(1 + z). These three principles have recently been used by Haug and Tatum [1] to derive z = Sqrt(R_h/R_t) − 1, which has led to a simple but powerful solution to the Hubble tension [2–4]. This note highlights the importance of these three principles in relation to the new cosmological redshift formula and describes new ways to represent the same cosmological redshift formula.

Suggested Citation

  • Espen Gaarder Haug & Eugene Terry Tatum, 2025. "A Newly-Derived Cosmological Redshift Formula Which Solves the Hubble Tension and Yet Maintains Consistency with Tt = T0(1 + z),theRh = ct Principle and the Stefan-Boltzmann Law," European Journal of Applied Physics, European Open Science, vol. 7(1), pages 48-50, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:epw:physic:v:7:y:2025:i:1:id:11368
    DOI: 10.24018/ejphysics.2025.7.1.368
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dominik A. Riechers & Axel Weiss & Fabian Walter & Christopher L. Carilli & Pierre Cox & Roberto Decarli & Roberto Neri, 2022. "Microwave background temperature at a redshift of 6.34 from H2O absorption," Nature, Nature, vol. 602(7895), pages 58-62, February.
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