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The Planck Mass Density Radius of the Universe

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  • Espen G. Haug
  • Spavieri Gianfranco

Abstract

What is the size of the universe if we take the estimated mass in the observable universe and compress it until we reach the Planck mass density? We will investigate this using both the Friedmann model and the recent Haug model of the universe that takes into account Lorentz relativistic mass. The resulting size is approximately that of a proton. We will also look at a hypothetical Planck mass size universe. In the Friedmann model one needs rapid expansion of mass to maintain the initial Planck mass density or, alternatively, only space expansion with the density decreasing from its initial conditions, while in the Haug model the Planck mass universe seems to cause no such “strange” predictions.

Suggested Citation

  • Espen G. Haug & Spavieri Gianfranco, 2022. "The Planck Mass Density Radius of the Universe," European Journal of Applied Physics, European Open Science, vol. 4(2), pages 40-47, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:epw:physic:v:4:y:2022:i:2:id:11165
    DOI: 10.24018/ejphysics.2022.4.2.165
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Espen Gaarder Haug, 2021. "Measurements of the Planck Length from a Ball Clock without Knowledge of Newton’s Gravitational Constant G or the Planck Constant," European Journal of Applied Physics, European Open Science, vol. 3(6), pages 15-20, November.
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