Prognostic Factors of Lung Cancer in Women at the Mohammed VI Center for Cancer Treatment

Introduction: Lung cancer represents one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In recent decades, there has been a concerning increase in the incidence of this disease among women. The main objectives of this study are to describe and analyze the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical profile of female patients diagnosed with lung cancer, and to determine the factors affecting survival and prognosis of lung cancer in this population. Patients and Methods: This retrospective and analytical study focused on female lung cancer patients treated at the Mohamed VI Center for Cancer Treatment in Casablanca between January 1, 2018, and December 31, 2023. Data were collected on epidemiological and clinical factors, treatments received (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy), and follow-up outcomes. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: A total of 288 cases of primary bronchopulmonary cancer in women were recorded, with an average of 48 cases per year. The mean age at diagnosis was 62.2 years. The median overall survival was 23 months, with survival rates of 55% at 1 year, 35% at 3 years, and 30% at 5 years. The median progression-free survival was 11 months. Several factors were found to significantly influence survival: smoking status, performance status (PS), body mass index (BMI), increased intracranial pressure (IICP), histological type, cancer stage, treatment received, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Conclusion: Lung cancer in women presents distinct clinical characteristics and requires personalized management. The findings underscore the importance of prevention, particularly against smoking, and the need for therapeutic strategies tailored to the specificities of female patients. Further research is needed to improve the management and prognosis of this disease.