Comparison of Training and Competition to the Incidence of Overuse Injury in Elite Badminton Athletes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Background: Badminton is a high-paced and fastest racket sport in the world. The movements include shot in the upper-head, smash, running, and etc. That is why a lot risk of injuries happens in badminton during the training and competition. Most cases is the overuse injury, it is about, 98.5%. Methods: A systematic review using PubMed and Google Scholar was conducted based on PRISMA guideline. Inclusion criteria were the mean age 14-52 years old, comparing between training and competition that cause incidence of overuse injury. Studies of only one surgical technique modality and case reports were excluded. For the meta-analysis, a total of 4 studies were included and fixed effect model was used to pool the result. In each study, mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for continuous data using review manager 5.0. Results: A total of 361 athletes mean aged 15-52 years old were included in the analysis. Male and female were equally affected, while variable angle plate was more often performed than fixed angle plate. Meta-analysis based on the incidence of overuse injury proved that the odd ratio between variable angle and fixed angle plate is 1,68, indicating higher incidence while training (p value=0.09). Conclusion: Current systematic review and meta-analysis suggest that the incidence of overuse injury is higher in badminton training compared to badminton competition.