A Pragmatic Approach to Anemia in Pregnancy: An Overview

Anemia is a common condition in pregnancy and has been associated with various adverse maternal and fetal outcomes. Hematological parameters are altered as a result of normal physiological changes during pregnancy, most notably a decrease in hemoglobin (Hb) concentration. As iron demands during pregnancy increases tremendously, it is not surprising that iron deficiency anemia is still the most common cause of anemia. Indeed, a mother's overall health and her ability to work can be negatively impacted by chronic iron deficiency, which also causes weariness. In order to assess the iron status, laboratory investigations are advised to start in the first trimester. Early identification and treatment of this clinical disease are essential because of the condition's severe negative effects on maternal-fetal outcomes. This calls for effective and immediate preventative measures to avoid further complications that may lead to maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This review serves as a brief to approach anemia in pregnancy. It provides an overview on understanding the problem and suggests recommendations to decrease the prevalence.