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Modeling and Optimization of a Two-Household Off-Grid Solar PV System in Punjab, Pakistan using HOMER Pro

Author

Listed:
  • Muhammad Saad Gondal

    (Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada)

  • Mohammad Tariq Iqbal

    (Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada)

  • Mohsin Jamil

    (Brock University, Canada)

Abstract

This study presents the design and analysis of a stand-alone photovoltaic (PV) system with battery storage for two residential units located in Vanike Tarar, Punjab, Pakistan. The system was modelled and optimized using HOMER Pro based on local solar data, household load requirements, and component specifications. The configuration includes a 2.57 kW PV array composed of Jinko Solar 345 W modules, a 48 V battery bank consisting of four Trojan SAGM 12 205 batteries, and a Schneider Conext TX 3300 NA inverter rated at 0.995 kW. The total electrical load of about 7.45 kWh per day was supplied entirely by renewable energy, achieving a 100 percent renewable fraction. Annual excess electricity of 989 kWh and unmet load of 88.8 kWh were observed during simulation. The total net present cost of the system is estimated at Rs 644,846, resulting in a levelized cost of energy of Rs 18.96 per kWh. The results confirm that the proposed PV–battery system is technically feasible and economically suitable for remote households, providing clean and reliable electricity without dependence on diesel generation.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Saad Gondal & Mohammad Tariq Iqbal & Mohsin Jamil, 2025. "Modeling and Optimization of a Two-Household Off-Grid Solar PV System in Punjab, Pakistan using HOMER Pro," European Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, European Open Science, vol. 9(6), pages 97-105, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:epw:ejece0:v:9:y:2025:i:6:id:19768
    DOI: 10.24018/ejece.2025.9.6.19768
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