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The Gut Microbiota in Epilepsy: Current Concepts of Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutics

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  • Rikky Dwiyanto Sulistyo

Abstract

Epilepsy is a non-communicable brain disorder characterized by an individual's proclivity for spontaneous epileptic seizures. Epilepsy may be classified into six types: genetic, structural, metabolic, infectious, immune-related, and unexplained causes. Numerous current findings have shown evidence that an imbalance in the gut microbiota is a cause of epilepsy. Between the gut microbiota and the brain systems, there are five putative communication pathways. The neuroendocrine hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, intestinal bacteria's production of neurotransmitters, the intestinal immune system, and the relationship between the intestinal mucosal barrier and the blood-brain barrier are among them. Future epilepsy interventions might include modifications of antiepileptic medications, a ketogenic diet, and probiotics as a possible treatment in the gut flora. However, further research is required to assess long-term therapeutic benefits.

Suggested Citation

  • Rikky Dwiyanto Sulistyo, 2022. "The Gut Microbiota in Epilepsy: Current Concepts of Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutics," European Journal of Biology and Biotechnology, European Open Science, vol. 3(1), pages 5-9, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:epw:ejbio0:v:3:y:2022:i:1:id:17331
    DOI: 10.24018/ejbio.2022.3.1.331
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    1. Chao Yan & Degang Liu & Liwei Li & Michael F. Wempe & Sunny Guin & May Khanna & Jeremy Meier & Brenton Hoffman & Charles Owens & Christina L. Wysoczynski & Matthew D. Nitz & William E. Knabe & Mansoor, 2014. "Discovery and characterization of small molecules that target the GTPase Ral," Nature, Nature, vol. 515(7527), pages 443-447, November.
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