Nanotechnology and Food System: Assessing the European Union Regulatory System

Over the last twenty years, the field of nanotechnologies has been affected by enormous investments in research and innovation all over the world. Proponents of nanotechnology praise their benefits; however, the risks may far outweigh the purported benefits. In the agri-food sector, many nano innovations have been introduced so far. Nevertheless, within the European Union (EU), the accelerated rate of innovation has not been met by adequate regulatory interventions. The study provides an assessment of the current EU food nanotechnology regulatory framework using the classical five benchmarks for defining a “good regulation.” The results of the assessment highlight that technical-scientific and economic considerations, which refer to the expertise and efficiency criteria, have been largely used by European policymakers. Criteria of legislative authority, accountability, and due process have been largely overlooked, which may explain the inadequateness of the regulatory effort. The study offers useful insights for understanding and improving the EU regulatory process in the field of nanotechnology.