Assessment of Immunoreactivity against Therapeutic Options Employing the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test as a Tool for Precision Medicine

Background: The Precision Medicine’s approach employs the endotype concept as a central feature to personalize medical treatment. Individual immunoreactivity, alongside characteristics such as genetics, environment, and diet, is one of the factors that differentiates the therapeutic-driven endotypes. Objective: To evaluate the opportunity of the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition test to differentiate the immunoreactivity between two similar therapeutic agents employed on Allergen Immunotherapy. Methods: Side by side Leukocyte Adherence Inhibitions tests were performed with ovalbumin and carbamylated ovalbumin on a population of 33 self-reported egg-allergic individuals. Results: The results showed two endotypes inside the immune response of the studied groups: The first endotype was defined by the 16 individuals that presented a significant decrease in ovalbumin’s immunoreactivity after carbamylation (mean of differences = 35%; p = 0.002). The second endotype was defined by 17 individuals that presented a significant increase in ovalbumin’s immunoreactivity after carbamylation (mean of differences = 32%; p = 0.001). Conclusion: The Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition test was able to differentiate two distinct immunoreactivity patterns when comparing two similar therapeutic agents suggesting, as proof of concept, a potential role to be employed as a Precision Medicine tool.