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Regime de Bem-estar Social no Brasil: Três Períodos Históricos, Três Diferenças em Relação ao Modelo Europeu Social-democrata

Author

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  • Eduardo José Grin

    (Fundação Getulio Vargas - Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo (EAESP))

Abstract

Resumo O regime de bem-estar social no Brasil pode ser comparado com o modelo social-democrata europeu em três períodos históricos, apesar das especificidades e diferenças que aqui adquiriu. No período 1930-1964, serão abordadas a importância da concepção de cidadania regulada para a definição de direitos sociais no Brasil e a comparação com o desenvolvimento da cidadania nacional e o papel dos sindicatos no welfare state na Europa. No período 1964-1985, será apresentada a forma como se estruturou a política social do regime militar, enquanto, na Europa, havia um ambiente democrático, com direitos sociais universais e participação social como bases do regime de bem-estar social. No período após 1985, com ênfase na fase da segunda reforma social iniciada pós-Plano Real (1994), será destacada a visão mais generosa e universalizante de direitos sociais. Para esse período, será importante apontar como, na Europa, nesse momento, se questionaram as bases materiais e a concepção do welfare state, visando, ao mesmo tempo, revisar alguns fundamentos para mantê-lo como padrão de solidariedade social.Palavras-chave: cidadania; direitos; igualdade; democracia; desigualdade. AbstractThe social welfare system in Brazil can be compared with the European social democratic model in three historical periods, despite the specificities and differences. The period of 1930-1964 will address the importance of the concept of citizenship regulated to the definition of social rights in Brazil and compare it with the development of national citizenship and the role of trade unions in the welfare state in Europe. The period of 1964-1985 will present the structure of the military regime's social policy while in Europe there was a democratic environment with universal social rights and social participation as the basis for the system of social welfare. The period after 1985, with emphasis on the second phase of social reform initiated after the Real Plan (1994), will highlight the more generous and universalizing vision of social rights. This period will be important to compare as Europe, at that time, questioned the material foundation and the design of the welfare state while aiming to review some grounds to keep it as a pattern of social solidarity.Key words: Citizenship - Rights - Equality - Democracy - Inequality

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Handle: RePEc:ekm:cgpc00:v:18:y:2013:i:63:id:3994
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