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Campesinato Em Movimento: Análise Da Ação Do Estado E Das Estratégias Autônomas De Desenvolvimento No Campo

Author

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  • Aline Barboza de Lima

    (Universidade Federal de Campina Grande)

Abstract

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a redução das desigualdades sociais em assentamentos rurais do estado da Paraíba. Para tanto, foram analisadas as ações do Estado, via políticas públicas, e as estratégias autônomas de desenvolvimento das comunidades rurais. No tocante às políticas públicas, investigamos a atuação do Programa Nacional de Fortalecimento da Agricultura Familiar (PRONAF) e do Programa Coope­rar em assentamentos rurais na Paraíba. Em relação às estratégias autônomas de desenvolvimento, analisamos as experiências desenvolvidas a partir do projeto Feiras Agroecológicas Paraibanas. Os procedimentos metodológicos utilizados para a realização da pesquisa consistiram em: revisão bibliográfica; levantamento de dados; participação em reuniões e encontros com os camponeses e com os agentes gestores dos programas analisados; pesquisas documentais; trabalhos de campos; registros fotográficos; entrevistas e preenchimento de questionários. A partir da pesquisa desenvolvida, observamos que as políticas públicas de combate à pobreza rural, apesar de importantes para a redução das desigualdades sociais, não desenvolvem projetos capazes de reverter a precariedade dos assentamentos. Em contrapartida, as estratégias autônomas das comunidades rurais apresentam-se mais consequentes em projetos que visam promover a equidade social. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Políticas públicas, agroecologia, assentamentos rurais, pobreza, desigualdades sociais. ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to discuss the reduction of social inequalities in rural settlements of Paraíba state. Therefore, state actions through public policies such as autonomous strategies for rural communities’ development were analyzed. Regarding the public policies, we investigated the actions of Pronaf and Cooperar programs in rural settlements in Paraíba. In relation to autonomous strategies for such development we analyzed the experiences around the project called Paraibean Agroecological Fairs. The methodological procedures used for the making of the researches were: bibliographical revision, data survey; involvement through meetings with country people and coordination agents of the public policies which were analyzed; documentary researches; field works; photographic records interviews and applications of questionnaires. Through this study, we found out that the rural poverty reduction public policies, although important for the reduction of the social inequalities, do not develop projects able to reduce the settlements precariousness. On the other hand, the autonomous strategies of the rural communities appeared to be much more effective in projects aiming to promote social equality. KEYWORDS Public policies; agroecology; rural settlements; poverty; social inequalities.

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Handle: RePEc:ekm:cgpc00:v:15:y:2010:i:57:id:3253
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