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Apontamentos Sobre As Políticas Públicas De Combate À Seca No Brasil: Cisternas E Cidadania?

Author

Listed:
  • Claudia Souza Passador

    (Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto - FEA-RP/USP)

  • João Luiz Passador

    (Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto - FEA-RP/USP)

Abstract

A cisterna é uma forma milenar de armazenamento de água das chuvas em regiões que não dispõem de fonte de água permanente, como o Semiárido Nordestino do Brasil, possibilitando à população obter água limpa e fácil de tratar. Este artigo apresenta considerações preli­minares sobre o levantamento das políticas públicas criadas para resolver o problema da seca no Nordeste – desde a criação da Inspetoria Federal de Obras Contra as Secas (IFOCS) ainda no Império, até o Programa 1 Milhão de Cisternas (P1MC), lançado pelo presidente Lula em 2003. O Programa surgiu da iniciativa da Articulação do Semiárido (ASA), ONG que atualmente envolve cerca de 700 entidades. O tra­balho analisa especificamente a influência da utilização das cisternas nas condições de vida das famílias na região da bacia do Baixo Salitre, município de Juazeiro, na Bahia. Para tanto, foram realizadas 34 entrevistas com famílias dessa região, e os resultados obtidos sinalizam que a utilização de cisternas influencia positivamente a qualidade de vida dessas famílias, na saúde, no tempo livre, na renda, e na questão de gênero. Até 2009, foram construídas mais de 266 mil cisternas, mobilizando 292 mil famílias, em 6.078 municípios. PALAVRAS-CHAVE Política pública, cidadania, parcerias, Semiárido Brasileiro, desenvolvimento local. ABSTRACT The cistern is an ancient way of storing rainwater in regions lacking a source of permanent water, as the Semi-Arid Northeast of Brazil, enabling people to obtain clean water and easy to treat. This article presents preliminary considerations on survey of public policies created to solve the drought problem in the Brazilian Northeast - from the creation of the Federal Inspectorate for Works Against Drought (IFOCS) still in the Empire period, to the 1 Million Cisterns Program (P1MC) launched by president Lula in 2003. The Program is an initiative of the Articulação do Semiárido (ASA), an NGO which currently involves about 700 entities. In addition, the study also examines the influence specifically the use of cisterns in the living conditions of families in the Baixo Salitre, around the city of Juazeiro in Bahia. So, there were 34 interviews with families of this region and the results indicate how the use of cisterns positively influences the quality of life of these families, health, leisure time, income, and gender. Until 2009, were built more than 266,000 cisterns, involving 292,000 families in 6,078 municipalities. KEYWORDS Public policy, citizenship, partnerships, Brazilian Semi-Arid region, local development.

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Handle: RePEc:ekm:cgpc00:v:15:y:2010:i:56:id:3203
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