Company's capital: nature, structure, and tendencies of formation and generation

The author justifies the necessity of a reproduction based approach to the research on the capital of the enterprises and of revealing its essence as an integral entity, which characterizes, on the one hand, the value of the company's assets, and, on the other hand, the sources of its financing. The article improves the methodology of the analysis of the company's capital structure: by property form and by the form of property's "embodiment" in different types of assets: both non-financial (productive) and financial ones, which makes unbreakable the ties between financial and general economic conditions of the companies. The author specifies the components of fixed and circulating capital and the content of the notion of "company's investment capital", analyzes the dynamics of the two structures of the company' capital in Ukraine's real sector during 2001-2011 and reveals various negative tendencies in capital generation, as well as the underlying factors. It is established that, during 2001-2011, the main source of financing of the company's capital increase in the real sector were external, and the change in net wealth through saving and capital transfers only account for less than one percent. In the course of investigation, the author used the methods of scientific generalization and structural analysis. To analyze the process of capital generation the author uses SNA data such as net value added, gross (net) generation, net lending, net borrowing in the sector of non-financial corporations.