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Clasificación de la pobreza en Bolivia, utilizando Random Forest y XGBoost

Author

Listed:
  • Cristian Paucara España

    (Universidad de Buenos Aires (UBA))

Abstract

El objetivo del presente trabajo es clasificar a los hogares bolivianos como pobres o no pobres, prescindiendo del ingreso monetario como variable explicativa. Este resultado es importante para identificar los hogares que probablemente han sido clasificados incorrectamente. Para este objetivo se recurre a dos modelos de machine learning: random forest y XGBoost, siendo este último el que presenta un mejor rendimiento, especialmente cuando se aplica técnicas de submuestreo. Los modelos se construyen con datos de la Encuesta de Hogares de Bolivia de 2021, dejando de lado el ingreso monetario. El modelo XGBoost, aplicando submuestreo, alcanza una tasa de aciertos del 0,77. Según este último modelo, entre las variables más relevantes que ayudan a clasificar la pobreza se encuentran: cantidad de miembros del hogar desocupados, cantidad de niños menores de 12 años dentro del hogar, ocupación del jefe de hogar, departamento de residencia, gastos del hogar, analfabetismo, entre otros.

Suggested Citation

  • Cristian Paucara España, 2022. "Clasificación de la pobreza en Bolivia, utilizando Random Forest y XGBoost," Cuadernos de Investigación Económica Boliviana, Ministerio de Economía y Finanzas Públicas de Bolivia, vol. 5(1), pages 73-98, Junio.
  • Handle: RePEc:efp:journl:v:5:y:2022:i:1:p:73-98
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Pobreza; random forest; XGBoost; Bolivia;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C38 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Classification Methdos; Cluster Analysis; Principal Components; Factor Analysis
    • C63 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computational Techniques
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty

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