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Day tour itineraries: Searching for the balance between commercial needs and experiential desires

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  • Wong, Cora Un In
  • McKercher, Bob

Abstract

Little research has been conducted examining the factors that influence the development of day tour itineraries. While the literature suggests that a combination of commercial, operational, political and experiential factors contribute to itinerary development, this article argues that it is the business model chosen that affects it the most. Essentially two business models predominate: commission-based and noncommission-based. This study examines the impact of the business model on the selection of day tour itineraries in the Macau Special Administrative Region of China. It finds that experiential values are traded off almost entirely in the itineraries of commission-based tours, while a better balance between experiential and operational considerations drives itinerary choices for noncommission-based tours.

Suggested Citation

  • Wong, Cora Un In & McKercher, Bob, 2012. "Day tour itineraries: Searching for the balance between commercial needs and experiential desires," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(6), pages 1360-1372.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:touman:v:33:y:2012:i:6:p:1360-1372
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2011.12.019
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    1. repec:gig:chaktu:v:38:y:2009:i:1:p:73-99 is not listed on IDEAS
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    Cited by:

    1. Jin, Xin (Cathy) & Sparks, Beverley, 2017. "Barriers to offering special interest tour products to the Chinese outbound group market," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 205-215.
    2. Vanessa Amaro, 2024. "Crowing in two voices: The cultural transformation of the Portuguese rooster in postcolonial Macau," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 11(1), pages 1-14, December.
    3. Chen, Shengrong & Zhu, Jiarui, 2025. "Tourists as commodities in below-cost tours," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    4. Shanshan Qi & Cora Un In Wong & Ning Chen & Jia Rong & Jiahua Du, 2018. "Profiling Macau cultural tourists by using user-generated content from online social media," Information Technology & Tourism, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 217-236, December.
    5. Ruiz-Meza, José & Montoya-Torres, Jairo R., 2022. "A systematic literature review for the tourist trip design problem: Extensions, solution techniques and future research lines," Operations Research Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 9(C).
    6. Tsaur, Ruey-Chyn & Chen, Chyoug-Hwa, 2018. "Strategies for cross-border travel supply chains: Gaming chinese group tours to Taiwan," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 154-169.
    7. Chengcai Tang & Qianqian Zheng & Pin Ng, 2019. "A Study on the Coordinative Green Development of Tourist Experience and Commercialization of Tourism at Cultural Heritage Sites," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-19, August.
    8. Zheng, Weimin & Liao, Zhixue & Qin, Jing, 2017. "Using a four-step heuristic algorithm to design personalized day tour route within a tourist attraction," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 335-349.
    9. Joseph Andria & Rosario Maggistro & Raffaele Pesenti, 2023. "Sustainable Management of Tourist Flow Networks: A Mean Field Model," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 196(2), pages 730-761, February.

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