IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/teinso/v86y2026ics0160791x26001028.html

Regulatory policy as strategic buffer: Strengthening sustainable futures and technological innovation

Author

Listed:
  • Mohy-ud-Din, Kamran
  • Shahbaz, Muhammad
  • Khamdamov, Shoh-Jakhon

Abstract

This study investigates the strategic function of corporate sustainability reporting in advancing firm-level innovation amid evolving technological paradigms. Specifically, the study evaluates whether ESG performance, environmental sustainability, and carbon trading operate as strategic catalysts for technological innovation. To empirically test the proposed hypotheses, this study utilizes a panel dataset comprising 931 firms across G5 economies over the period of 2014-2024, yielding 10,241 firm-year observations. Our findings suggest that ESG disclosure potentially contributes to technological exports by signaling corporate commitment to sustainable and innovation-driven practices. Moreover, our study examines the interaction effect of regulatory policy on the nexus between corporate sustainability performance and technological innovation. Our findings further propose that more stringent emission caps compel G5 corporations to invest in licensed and low-carbon technologies, as a strategic response to regulatory compliance. Moreover, high-tech exports and corporate patent worth exhibited a strong positive response to ESG reporting, particularly when green governance surpassed the threshold levels of 60.130% and 59.240%, indicating optimal innovation under advanced sustainability governance. Collectively, findings underscore that implementation of rigorous sustainability practices serves as a critical driver of technological innovation.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohy-ud-Din, Kamran & Shahbaz, Muhammad & Khamdamov, Shoh-Jakhon, 2026. "Regulatory policy as strategic buffer: Strengthening sustainable futures and technological innovation," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:teinso:v:86:y:2026:i:c:s0160791x26001028
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103313
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160791X26001028
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103313?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wu, Qingyang, 2024. "Power play in carbon trading market: How status of executives with R&D background incentives companies’ low-carbon innovation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    2. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Yuan, Zihao & Lee, Chi-Chuan & Chang, Yu-Fang, 2022. "The impact of renewable energy technology innovation on energy poverty: Does climate risk matter?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    3. Cicero Eduardo Walter & Manuel Au-Yong-Oliveira & Cláudia Miranda Veloso & Daniel Ferreira Polónia, 2022. "R&D tax incentives and innovation: unveiling the mechanisms behind innovation capacity," Journal of Advances in Management Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 19(3), pages 367-388, January.
    4. Marwan Mansour & Hafiza Aishah Hashim & Zalailah Salleh & Waleed M. Al-ahdal & Faozi A. Almaqtari & Murad Abdulsalam Qamhan, 2022. "Governance practices and corporate performance: Assessing the competence of principal-based guidelines," Cogent Business & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(1), pages 2105570-210, December.
    5. Xiangfeng Ji & Muhammad Umar & Shahid Ali & Wajid Ali & Kai Tang & Zeeshan Khan, 2021. "Does fiscal decentralization and eco‐innovation promote sustainable environment? A case study of selected fiscally decentralized countries," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(1), pages 79-88, January.
    6. Lv, Chengchao & Shao, Changhua & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2021. "Green technology innovation and financial development: Do environmental regulation and innovation output matter?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    7. Danish, & Ulucak, Recep, 2021. "Renewable energy, technological innovation and the environment: A novel dynamic auto-regressive distributive lag simulation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    8. Arash Najmaei & Zahra Sadeghinejad, 2023. "Green and sustainable business models: historical roots, growth trajectory, conceptual architecture and an agenda for future research—A bibliometric review of green and sustainable business models," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 128(2), pages 957-999, February.
    9. Bo Nørregaard Jørgensen & Saraswathy Shamini Gunasekaran & Zheng Grace Ma, 2025. "Impact of EU Laws on AI Adoption in Smart Grids: A Review of Regulatory Barriers, Technological Challenges, and Stakeholder Benefits," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-33, June.
    10. Ayhan, Fatih & Elal, Onuray, 2023. "The IMPACTS of technological change on employment: Evidence from OECD countries with panel data analysis," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    11. Michael Appiah & Stephen Taiwo Onifade & Bright Akwasi Gyamfi, 2025. "Pathways to Sustainability in Sub-Sahara Africa: Are Institutional Quality Levels Subservient in Achieving Green GDP Growth?," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 16(1), pages 2366-2390, March.
    12. Marco Vacchi & Cristina Siligardi & Fabio Demaria & Erika Iveth Cedillo-González & Rocío González-Sánchez & Davide Settembre-Blundo, 2021. "Technological Sustainability or Sustainable Technology? A Multidimensional Vision of Sustainability in Manufacturing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-18, September.
    13. Ancillai, Chiara & Sabatini, Andrea & Gatti, Marco & Perna, Andrea, 2023. "Digital technology and business model innovation: A systematic literature review and future research agenda," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    14. Artyom Durnev & Randall Morck & Bernard Yeung & Paul Zarowin, 2003. "Does Greater Firm‐Specific Return Variation Mean More or Less Informed Stock Pricing?," Journal of Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(5), pages 797-836, December.
    15. Daquan Gao & Christina W. Y. Wong & Kee-hung Lai, 2023. "Development of Ecosystem for Corporate Green Innovation: Resource Dependency Theory Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-28, March.
    16. B. Suresh Lal, 2023. "Demographic and Socio-Economic Development — Evidence from G7 Countries," Studies in Social Science & Humanities, Paradigm Academic Press, vol. 2(8), pages 17-26, August.
    17. Manjot Singh Bhatia, 2021. "Green process innovation and operational performance: The role of proactive environment strategy, technological capabilities, and organizational learning," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 30(7), pages 2845-2857, November.
    18. Xie, Ronghui & Teo, Thompson S.H., 2022. "Green technology innovation, environmental externality, and the cleaner upgrading of industrial structure in China — Considering the moderating effect of environmental regulation," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    19. Manzhi Liu & Jia Lu & Qiyao Liu & Hui Wang & Yaxin Yang & Shuting Fang, 2025. "The impact of executive cognitive characteristics on a firm’s ESG performance: an institutional theory perspective," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 29(1), pages 145-173, March.
    20. Renuka Sharma & Kiran Mehta & Archana Goel, 2023. "Non-linear relationship between board size and performance of Indian companies," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 27(4), pages 1277-1301, December.
    21. Varadarajan, Rajan, 2023. "Resource advantage theory, resource based theory, and theory of multimarket competition: Does multimarket rivalry restrain firms from leveraging resource Advantages?," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    22. Hua Tang, 2022. "The Effect of ESG Performance on Corporate Innovation in China: The Mediating Role of Financial Constraints and Agency Cost," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-21, March.
    23. Usman, Ahmed & Ullah, Sana & Ozturk, Ilhan & Sohail, Sidra & Sohail, Muhammad Tayyab, 2024. "Does environmental policy stringency reduce trade in energy resources? Insights from coal, petroleum, and gas," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C).
    24. Ioanna Kastelli & Petros Dimas & Dimitrios Stamopoulos & Aggelos Tsakanikas, 2024. "Linking Digital Capacity to Innovation Performance: the Mediating Role of Absorptive Capacity," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(1), pages 238-272, March.
    25. Renata Konadu & Gabriel Sam Ahinful & Samuel Owusu-Agyei, 2021. "Corporate governance pillars and business sustainability: does stakeholder engagement matter?," International Journal of Disclosure and Governance, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 18(3), pages 269-289, September.
    26. Zheng, Xiumin & Imran, Muhammad & Umair, Muhammad & Lin, Chen & Dong, Yue, 2025. "Modern panelizing and optimization techniques for renewable energy projects; perspectives on how CO2 emissions impact the circular economy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 323(C).
    27. B. Nyagadza & R. Pashapa & A. Chare & G. Mazuruse & P. K. Hove, 2022. "Digital technologies, Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) & Global Value Chains (GVCs) nexus with emerging economies’ future industrial innovation dynamics," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 10(1), pages 2014654-201, December.
    28. Qian Zheng & Jinye Li & Xiaole Duan, 2023. "The Impact of Environmental Tax and R&D Tax Incentives on Green Innovation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-18, April.
    29. Jiang, Zhangsheng & Xu, Chenghao, 2023. "Policy incentives, government subsidies, and technological innovation in new energy vehicle enterprises: Evidence from China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    30. Lahcene Makhloufi & Abderrazak Ahmed Laghouag & Tang Meirun & Fateh Belaid, 2022. "Impact of green entrepreneurship orientation on environmental performance: The natural resource‐based view and environmental policy perspective," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(1), pages 425-444, January.
    31. Ilze Zumente & Jūlija Bistrova, 2021. "Do Baltic investors care about environmental, social and governance (ESG)?," Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, VsI Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Center, vol. 8(4), pages 349-362, June.
    32. Navitha Singh Sewpersadh, 2023. "Disruptive business value models in the digital era," Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Springer, vol. 12(1), pages 1-27, December.
    33. Ahmad, Manzoor, 2021. "Non-linear dynamics of innovation activities over the business cycles: Empirical evidence from OECD economies," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 67(C).
    34. Marina Dabić & Božidar Vlačić & Timothy Kiessling & Andrea Caputo & Massimiliano Pellegrini, 2023. "Serial entrepreneurs: A review of literature and guidance for future research," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 61(3), pages 1107-1142, May.
    35. Horoshko, Olena-Ivanna & Horoshko, Andrii & Bilyuga, Stanislav & Horoshko, Viktoriia, 2021. "Theoretical and Methodological Bases of the Study of the Impact of Digital Economy on World Policy in 21 Century," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    36. Qi Xu & Salim Khan, 2023. "How Do R&D and Renewable Energy Consumption Lead to Carbon Neutrality? Evidence from G-7 Economies," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-15, March.
    37. Edler, Jakob & Blind, Knut & Kroll, Henning & Schubert, Torben, 2023. "Technology sovereignty as an emerging frame for innovation policy. Defining rationales, ends and means," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 52(6).
    38. Yiying Wang & Derek D. Wang, 2025. "The Dual Path of the Impact of Digital Technology Adoption on ESG Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-24, March.
    39. Li, Chao & Ba, Shusong & Ma, Kejia & Xu, Yueling & Huang, Wenli & Huang, Niyuan, 2023. "ESG Rating Events, Financial Investment Behavior and Corporate Innovation," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 372-387.
    40. Rita Vasconcellos Oliveira, 2021. "Social Innovation for a Just Sustainable Development: Integrating the Wellbeing of Future People," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-12, August.
    41. Weijie Tan & Edward Hengzhou Yan & Xihui Haviour Chen, 2025. "Positive Press, Greener Progress: The Role of ESG Media Reputation in Corporate Energy Innovation," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(4), pages 5162-5184, August.
    42. Cicero Eduardo Walter & Manuel Au-Yong-Oliveira & Cláudia Miranda Veloso & Daniel Ferreira Polónia, 2022. "R&D tax incentives and innovation: unveiling the mechanisms behind innovation capacity," Journal of Advances in Management Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 19(3), pages 367-388, January.
    43. Zhao, Xinlu & Adebayo, Tomiwa Sunday & Kong, Xianli & Al-Faryan, Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh, 2022. "Relating energy innovations and natural resources as determinants of environmental sustainability: The role of globalization in G7 countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    44. Dana Bakry & Tugrul Daim & Saeed Alzahrani & Marina Dabic & Birol Yesilada, 2025. "Exploring innovation ecosystems to facilitate the adoption of sustainable entrepreneurship: Looking beyond the Western World," Journal of Small Business Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 63(1), pages 337-387, January.
    45. Cunyi Yang & Conghao Zhu & Khaldoon Albitar, 2024. "ESG ratings and green innovation: A U‐shaped journey towards sustainable development," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 33(5), pages 4108-4129, July.
    46. Krishna Raj Bhandari & Mikko Ranta & Jari Salo, 2022. "The resource‐based view, stakeholder capitalism, ESG, and sustainable competitive advantage: The firm's embeddedness into ecology, society, and governance," Business Strategy and the Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(4), pages 1525-1537, May.
    47. Chen, Pengyu & Chu, Zhongzhu & Zhao, Miao, 2024. "The Road to corporate sustainability: The importance of artificial intelligence," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    48. Wan, Yinglin & Gao, Yuchen & Hu, Yimei, 2022. "Blockchain application and collaborative innovation in the manufacturing industry: Based on the perspective of social trust," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    49. Manuel Arellano & Stephen Bond, 1991. "Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 58(2), pages 277-297.
    50. Kedong Yin & Yuqing Miao & Chong Huang, 2024. "Environmental regulation, technological innovation, and industrial structure upgrading," Energy & Environment, , vol. 35(1), pages 207-227, February.
    51. Sandra Kendo & Jean-Claude Brou, 2025. "Market concentration, funding models, and financial stability in developing economies: a comparative analysis using One-Step GMM and Panel Quantile GMM," Post-Print hal-05390500, HAL.
    52. Ersin, Özgür Ömer & Ustabaş, Ayfer & Usman, Ojonugwa, 2024. "The role of environmental innovation on ecological footprint in nations with high technology exports concentrations in international trade," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    53. Liton Chandra Voumik & Md. Azharul Islam & Samrat Ray & Nora Yusma Mohamed Yusop & Abdul Rahim Ridzuan, 2023. "CO 2 Emissions from Renewable and Non-Renewable Electricity Generation Sources in the G7 Countries: Static and Dynamic Panel Assessment," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-14, January.
    54. Feng-Li Lin & Tsangyao Chang, 2011. "Does debt affect firm value in Taiwan? A panel threshold regression analysis," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(1), pages 117-128.
    55. Gafsi, Nesrine & Bakari, Sayef, 2025. "Unlocking the Green Growth Puzzle: Exploring the Nexus of Renewable Energy, CO2 Emissions, and Economic Prosperity in G7 Countries," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, vol. 15(2), pages 236-247, February.
    56. Kamran Mohy‐ud‐Din & Muhammad Shahbaz & Shoh‐Jakhon Khamdamov, 2025. "Does Green Governance Reflect Corporate Sustainability Performance? New Insight From G5 Countries," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 32(4), pages 4900-4922, July.
    57. Rajendran, Rajitha & Krishnaswamy, Jayaraman & Subramaniam, Nava, 2023. "Dynamics of macro-economic factors for energy transition and its reviews - A conceptual framework for G7 countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    58. Zhang, Wei & Li, Guoxiang & Guo, Fanyong, 2022. "Does carbon emissions trading promote green technology innovation in China?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 315(C).
    59. Xi, Bin & Jia, Weifang, 2025. "Research on the impact of carbon trading on enterprises' green technology innovation," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    60. Siele Jean Tuo & Chang Li & Ettien Fulgence Brou & Diby Francois Kassi & Yobouet Thierry Gnangoin, 2024. "Estimating the carbon dioxide emission levels of G7 countries: A count data approach," Energy & Environment, , vol. 35(4), pages 1753-1772, June.
    61. Arthur Hughes & Michael A. Urban & Dariusz Wójcik, 2021. "Alternative ESG Ratings: How Technological Innovation Is Reshaping Sustainable Investment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-23, March.
    62. Zakia Batool & Sajjad Ali & Abdul Rehman, 2022. "Environmental Impact of ICT on Disaggregated Energy Consumption in China: A Threshold Regression Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-17, November.
    63. Cemil Kuzey & Ali Uyar & Abdullah S. Karaman, 2023. "Over-investment and ESG inequality," Review of Accounting and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 22(3), pages 399-421, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Sun, Xian & Xiong, Xiaoyan, 2025. "ESG performance and corporate innovation," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    2. You Zheng & Jian Tang & Jianzhong Xiao, 2025. "The PM2.5 pollution rebound effect and industrial structure adjustment in China: The impact of heterogeneous technological progress and resource dependence," Energy & Environment, , vol. 36(8), pages 3860-3887, December.
    3. Rong, Jing & Guo, Quan & Chen, Shikun & Hao, Jinghui, 2025. "Does carbon emission trading policy improve agricultural energy transition? Evidence from China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 1670-1689.
    4. Cheng, Zhiqiang & Cai, Jinyang, 2026. "New energy infrastructure and household energy poverty: Insights from ultra-high voltage technology," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    5. Oluwole Nurudeen Omonijo & Yunsheng Zhang, 2025. "Examining the relationship between technological innovation, environmental social governance and corporate sustainability: the moderating role of green operational innovation," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-15, December.
    6. Zhonglian Luo & Jie Li & Yufei Gan & Chunlan Li & Shiyu Cao, 2025. "How Analyst Attention Promotes Digital Transformation in Chinese Firms: The Moderating Role of CEOs’ Green Experience," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-21, April.
    7. Abid Noor & Rohail Hassan & Costinela Fortea & Valentin Marian Antohi, 2025. "A Greener Paradigm Shift: The Moderating Role of Board Independence in Sustainability Reporting," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(11), pages 1-29, May.
    8. Wei Wang & Leonid Melnyk & Oleksandra Kubatko & Bohdan Kovalov & Luc Hens, 2023. "Economic and Technological Efficiency of Renewable Energy Technologies Implementation," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-19, May.
    9. Pizzichini, L. & Sabatini, A. & Gregori, G.L. & Cillo, V. & Sasso, P., 2025. "Digital servitisation for sustainable business model innovation in the automotive industry: The empirical perspective of a car dealer," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    10. Song, Xiaoling & Yao, Yumeng & Wu, Xueke, 2023. "Digital finance, technological innovation, and carbon dioxide emissions," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 482-494.
    11. Xiaoqi Li & Dingfei Guo & Chao Feng, 2022. "The Carbon Emissions Trading Policy of China: Does It Really Promote the Enterprises’ Green Technology Innovations?," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-15, November.
    12. Jahanger, Atif & Hossain, Mohammad Razib & Usman, Muhammad & Chukwuma Onwe, Joshua, 2023. "Recent scenario and nexus between natural resource dependence, energy use and pollution cycles in BRICS region: Does the mediating role of human capital exist?," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    13. Wang, Duo & Hu, Yunge & Yang, Lijia & Li, Yanxi, 2026. "The equilibrium dilemma: ESG structural imbalance and corporate green innovation," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 504-534.
    14. Ding, Yuanyi, 2023. "Does natural resources cause sustainable financial development or resources curse? Evidence from group of seven economies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    15. Junbai Pan & Kun Lv & Shurong Yu & Dian Fu, 2022. "What Mechanisms Do Financial Marketization and China’s Fiscal Decentralization Have on Regional Energy Intensity? Evidence Based on Spatial Spillover and Panel Threshold Effects Perspectives," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-27, May.
    16. Yang, Zhaofu & Liu, Hong & Yuan, Yongna & Li, Muhua, 2024. "Can renewable energy development facilitate China's sustainable energy transition? Perspective from Energy Trilemma," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    17. Appiah, Michael & Li, Mingxing & Sehrish, Saba & Abaji, Emad Eddin, 2023. "Investigating the connections between innovation, natural resource extraction, and environmental pollution in OECD nations; examining the role of capital formation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
    18. Wang, Shaofeng & Zhang, Hao, 2024. "Green entrepreneurship success in the age of generative artificial intelligence: The interplay of technology adoption, knowledge management, and government support," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
    19. Tao, Chenlu & Cheng, Baodong & Liao, Zhilin & Wei, Zhuoran & Chen, Fawei & Yu, Chang, 2025. "The impact of carbon emissions trading policy on green innovation of export enterprises: Evidence from China," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 1922-1938.
    20. Ludwik Wicki & Hanna Dudek & Andrzej Parzonko & Dariusz Kusz & Kaspars Naglis-Liepa, 2025. "Factors Influencing the Productivity of Direct Energy Inputs in EU Agriculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-17, February.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:teinso:v:86:y:2026:i:c:s0160791x26001028. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/technology-in-society .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.