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How purpose-specific AI use builds organizational resilience: A dynamic capability perspective

Author

Listed:
  • Ma, Liang
  • Qi, Zhihao
  • Zhang, Xin
  • Hao, Feifei
  • Chi, Maomao

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) is widely expected to enhance organizational resilience, yet little is known about how different purposes of AI use contribute to this outcome. Drawing on dynamic capability theory, this study distinguishes between work-oriented and social-oriented AI use and examines their effects on organizational resilience through AI-enabled dynamic capabilities. Using survey data from 304 firms and a hybrid approach combining PLS-SEM and fsQCA, we find that both types of AI use positively influence resilience by strengthening AI-enabled sensing, operationalization, and reconstruction capabilities, with work-oriented AI exhibiting stronger effects than social-oriented AI. Moreover, a data-driven culture amplifies the effects of operationalization and reconstruction capabilities, but not sensing capability. Configurational analysis further reveals three equifinal pathways to high resilience. These findings clarify purpose-specific AI use effects and highlight the contingent, capability-based mechanisms through which AI contributes to organizational resilience.

Suggested Citation

  • Ma, Liang & Qi, Zhihao & Zhang, Xin & Hao, Feifei & Chi, Maomao, 2026. "How purpose-specific AI use builds organizational resilience: A dynamic capability perspective," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:teinso:v:86:y:2026:i:c:s0160791x26001004
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103311
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