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Evolution and driving mechanism of green transportation multinational cooperation innovation network

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  • Li, Yaya
  • Xu, Jiating
  • Lee, Chien-Chiang

Abstract

Transportation is a major source of carbon dioxide emissions, making innovation in green transportation a global priority. Using 577759 green transportation technology (GTT) patents from 1971 to 2021, this study applies social network analysis (SNA) and the quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) to examine the evolution and drivers of the multinational cooperation network in GTT. The findings show that the scale of transnational cooperation in GTT expanded continuously from 1971 to 2021. The USA and Germany occupy central and influential bridge positions within the network, while China and South Korea have increasingly strengthened their roles. The global GTT innovation network is gradually forming a structure dominated by core countries and strong semi-peripheral countries. Technological and social proximity play a central role in promoting cross-border cooperation, whereas rising transport-related carbon emissions and tighter environmental policies further stimulate international collaborative activities. Moreover, macro environmental pressure affects cross-border GTT cooperation both directly and by moderating the impacts of technological and social proximity.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Yaya & Xu, Jiating & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2026. "Evolution and driving mechanism of green transportation multinational cooperation innovation network," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 86(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:teinso:v:86:y:2026:i:c:s0160791x26000837
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techsoc.2026.103294
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