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Tokenomics: Optimal monetary and fee policies

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  • Jermann, Urban
  • Xiang, Haotian

Abstract

We document properties of crypto monetary policies based on a large sample of tokens. We present a dynamic model to determine the optimal issuance and fee policies for issuers. Committing to low future money growth and fees increases profits, and the degree of commitment matters for equilibrium existence. A Ramsey issuer who maximizes profits, after the initial period, makes choices that maximize the utility value of all tokens. We present a model with probabilistic commitment, solve for the steady state in closed form, and show that empirically relevant long-run money growth rates align with very high levels of commitment.

Suggested Citation

  • Jermann, Urban & Xiang, Haotian, 2025. "Tokenomics: Optimal monetary and fee policies," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:moneco:v:155:y:2025:i:c:s0304393225000790
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoneco.2025.103808
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    JEL classification:

    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill

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