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Global value chains and inflation dynamics

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  • Chau, Vu
  • Conesa-Martinez, Marina
  • Kim, Taehoon
  • Spray, John

Abstract

We study the inflationary effects of pandemic lockdown shocks and fiscal and monetary stimulus over 2020-22 using a novel harmonized dataset covering producer prices and input–output linkages for 1254 country–industry pairs across 55 countries. Our identification strategy employs a Bartik shift-share design, where country–industry shares capture the heterogeneous exposure to each shock. The results show that pandemic lockdowns – and the subsequent reopening policies – were the dominant drivers of global inflation during this period. Fiscal and monetary policies played an important role in preventing deflation in the first year of the pandemic, but their effects waned during the recovery years.

Suggested Citation

  • Chau, Vu & Conesa-Martinez, Marina & Kim, Taehoon & Spray, John, 2026. "Global value chains and inflation dynamics," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:inecon:v:161:y:2026:i:c:s0022199626000516
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jinteco.2026.104261
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