Detection and mitigation of cyber attacks in PMSG based wind energy system using H-infinity controller

This study examines the resilience of a Cyber-Physical Power System (CPPS), which integrates control, communication, and power infrastructure, incorporating a Wind Energy Conversion System (WECS) based on a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), against different types of cyberattacks. As CPPSs incorporate more sophisticated communication and control technology, malicious cyber activity may jeopardize critical power infrastructure stability and dependability. To address this, a strong anomaly detection and control architecture is intended to identify and counteract three major cyberthreats that target the sensor measurements of the WECS: replay attacks, denial of service (DoS) attacks, and false data injection (FDI). The state estimation is performed using a Kalman filter, and a robust controller, an H-infinity (H∞) controller, is used to ensure control aptitude in the presence of uncertainties and adversarial attacks. The obtained gamma (γ) value of 1 indicates the capability of the controller to bound the worst-case gain of the disturbances to the output. Simulation results show that the Kalman filter not only faithfully tracks the system state prior to the attack but also allows system state recovery after the attack. The chi-square residual-based detection mechanism can quickly and accurately detect anomalies, and the H∞ controller can timely switch to prediction-based control to ensure system stability and output integrity in the presence of attacks. The proposed methodology has shown high robustness to all types of attacks, highlighting its great potential to secure the emerging CPPSs in renewable energy systems from new cyberattacks, as demonstrated through the MATLAB/Simulink model.