IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v80y2025ics1544612325006014.html

How do community banks access liquidity during funding stress events?

Author

Listed:
  • Herb, Patrick
  • Kim, Raymond

Abstract

We examine how community banks access liquidity during funding stress events. We find a liquidity facility utilization pecking order, in which Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances are the most utilized liquidity facility, followed by the federal funds market, followed by repurchase agreements. We also find that balance sheet liquidity affects the utilization of liquidity facilities. During funding stress events, banks that have relatively more liquid balance sheets increase their utilization of repurchase agreements and federal funds, and decrease their utilization of FHLB advances, while banks with relatively more illiquid balance sheets increase their utilization of FHLB advances, and decrease their utilization of repurchase agreements and federal funds. Our findings suggest that the FHLB is fulfilling its mission to provide liquidity to its members and support housing finance, and may be the preferred lender of last resort for community banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Herb, Patrick & Kim, Raymond, 2025. "How do community banks access liquidity during funding stress events?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:80:y:2025:i:c:s1544612325006014
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2025.107338
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612325006014
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2025.107338?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Abbassi, Puriya & Iyer, Rajkamal & Peydró, José-Luis & Tous, Francesc R., 2016. "Securities trading by banks and credit supply: Micro-evidence from the crisis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(3), pages 569-594.
    2. Daniel Greenwald & John Krainer & Pascal Paul, 2024. "Monetary Transmission Through Bank Securities Portfolios," NBER Working Papers 32449, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Berger, Allen N. & Goulding, William & Rice, Tara, 2014. "Do small businesses still prefer community banks?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 264-278.
    4. Scott E. Hein & Timothy W. Koch & Steven Scott MacDonald, 2005. "On the uniqueness of community banks," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 90(Q 1), pages 15-36.
    5. Abbassi, Puriya & Iyer, Rajkamal & Peydró, José-Luis & Tous, Francesc R., 2016. "Securities trading by banks and credit supply: Micro-evidence from the crisis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(3), pages 569-594.
    6. Adam Ashcraft & Morten L. Bech & W. Scott Frame, 2010. "The Federal Home Loan Bank System: The Lender of Next‐to‐Last Resort?," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 42(4), pages 551-583, June.
    7. Lars Leszczensky & Tobias Wolbring, 2022. "How to Deal With Reverse Causality Using Panel Data? Recommendations for Researchers Based on a Simulation Study," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 51(2), pages 837-865, May.
    8. Dong Beom Choi & Hyun-Soo Choi, 2021. "The Effect of Monetary Policy on Bank Wholesale Funding," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(1), pages 388-416, January.
    9. Itamar Drechsler & Alexi Savov & Philipp Schnabl, 2021. "Banking on Deposits: Maturity Transformation without Interest Rate Risk," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 76(3), pages 1091-1143, June.
    10. Raymond Kim, 2024. "Hedging securities and Silicon Valley Bank idiosyncrasies," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(4), pages 653-672, April.
    11. Acharya, Viral & Chauhan, Rahul & Rajan, Raghuram & Steffen, Sascha, 2022. "Liquidity Dependence and the Waxing and Waning of Central Bank Balance Sheets," CEPR Discussion Papers 17622, Centre for Economic Policy Research.
    12. Christophe Pérignon & David Thesmar & Guillaume Vuillemey, 2018. "Wholesale Funding Dry‐Ups," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 73(2), pages 575-617, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Liang, Shuhan, 2025. "An analysis of how work stress affects employees' proactive work behavior: The moderating role of corporate financial support," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 85(PD).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Maximilian Grimm, 2024. "The Effect of Monetary Policy on Systemic Bank Funding Stability," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series 341, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.
    2. Irani, Rustom & Iyer, Rajkamal & Meisenzahl, Ralf & Peydró, José-Luis, 2021. "The rise of shadow banking: Evidence from capital regulation," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, pages 2181-2235.
    3. Alves, Nuno & Bonfim, Diana & Soares, Carla, 2021. "Surviving the perfect storm: The role of the lender of last resort☆," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    4. Kurz, Michael & Kleimeier, Stefanie, 2019. "Credit Supply: Are there negative spillovers from banks’ proprietary trading? (RM/19/005-revised-)," Research Memorandum 026, Maastricht University, Graduate School of Business and Economics (GSBE).
    5. Bubeck, Johannes & Maddaloni, Angela & Peydró, José-Luis, 2020. "Negative Monetary Policy Rates and Systemic Banks' Risk‐Taking: Evidence from the Euro Area Securities Register," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 52(S1), pages 197-231.
    6. Toni Ahnert & Kartik Anand & Philipp Johann König, 2024. "Real Interest Rates, Bank Borrowing, and Fragility," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 56(6), pages 1545-1571, September.
    7. Jijun Niu & Victor Y. Song, 2019. "Bank Trading, Capital, and Profitability," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 9(6), pages 1-14.
    8. Bilan, Andrada & Gündüz, Yalın, 2022. "CDS market structure and bond spreads," Discussion Papers 24/2022, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    9. Peydró, José-Luis & Polo, Andrea & Sette, Enrico, 2021. "Monetary policy at work: Security and credit application registers evidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(3), pages 789-814.
    10. Matthieu Chavaz & David Elliott, 2020. "Separating retail and investment banking: evidence from the UK," Bank of England working papers 892, Bank of England.
    11. Albertazzi, Ugo & Barbiero, Francesca & Marqués-Ibáñez, David & Popov, Alexander & Rodriguez d’Acri, Costanza & Vlassopoulos, Thomas, 2020. "Monetary policy and bank stability: the analytical toolbox reviewed," Working Paper Series 2377, European Central Bank.
    12. Marco Cipriani & Thomas M. Eisenbach & Anna Kovner, 2024. "Tracing Bank Runs in Real Time," Working Paper 24-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
    13. Elizabeth C. Klee & Zeynep Senyuz & Emre Yoldas, 2016. "Effects of Changing Monetary and Regulatory Policy on Overnight Money Markets," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2016-084, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    14. Abbassi, Puriya & Bianchi, Michele Leonardo & Della Gatta, Daniela & Gallo, Raffaele & Gohlke, Hanna & Krause, Daniel & Miglietta, Arianna & Moller, Luca & Orben, Jens & Panzarino, Onofrio & Ruzzi, Da, 2024. "The German and Italian government bond markets: The role of banks versus non-banks," Technical Papers 12/2024, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    15. Cappelletti, Giuseppe & Marqués-Ibáñez, David & Reghezza, Alessio & Salleo, Carmelo, 2024. "As interest rates surge: flighty deposits and lending," Working Paper Series 2923, European Central Bank.
    16. José-Luis Peydró [AP BACKUP – NOW EXTERNAL] & Rafael Repullo & Gabriel Jiménez & Jesús Saurina & José-Luis Peydró, 2017. "Burning Money? Government Lending in a Credit Crunch," Working Papers 984, Barcelona School of Economics.
    17. Kurz, Michael & Kleimeier, Stefanie, 2019. "Credit Supply: Are there negative spillovers from banks’ proprietary trading?," Research Memorandum 005, Maastricht University, Graduate School of Business and Economics (GSBE).
    18. Constantin Bürgi & Bo Jiang, 2022. "Monetary Policy, Funding Cost and Banks’ Risk-Taking: Evidence from the United States," CESifo Working Paper Series 9995, CESifo.
    19. repec:bdi:wptemi:misp_033_23 is not listed on IDEAS
    20. José-Luis Peydró [AP BACKUP – NOW EXTERNAL] & Victoria Vanasco & Enrico Sette & Andrea Polo & José-Luis Peydró, 2020. "Risk Mitigating versus Risk Shifting: Evidence from Banks Security Trading in Crises," Working Papers 1219, Barcelona School of Economics.
    21. Vinas, Frédéric, 2021. "How financial shocks transmit to the real economy? Banking business models and firm size," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • E02 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:80:y:2025:i:c:s1544612325006014. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.