IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v80y2025ics1544612325006014.html

How do community banks access liquidity during funding stress events?

Author

Listed:
  • Herb, Patrick
  • Kim, Raymond

Abstract

We examine how community banks access liquidity during funding stress events. We find a liquidity facility utilization pecking order, in which Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB) advances are the most utilized liquidity facility, followed by the federal funds market, followed by repurchase agreements. We also find that balance sheet liquidity affects the utilization of liquidity facilities. During funding stress events, banks that have relatively more liquid balance sheets increase their utilization of repurchase agreements and federal funds, and decrease their utilization of FHLB advances, while banks with relatively more illiquid balance sheets increase their utilization of FHLB advances, and decrease their utilization of repurchase agreements and federal funds. Our findings suggest that the FHLB is fulfilling its mission to provide liquidity to its members and support housing finance, and may be the preferred lender of last resort for community banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Herb, Patrick & Kim, Raymond, 2025. "How do community banks access liquidity during funding stress events?," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 80(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:80:y:2025:i:c:s1544612325006014
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2025.107338
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612325006014
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2025.107338?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Itamar Drechsler & Alexi Savov & Philipp Schnabl, 2021. "Banking on Deposits: Maturity Transformation without Interest Rate Risk," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 76(3), pages 1091-1143, June.
    2. Abbassi, Puriya & Iyer, Rajkamal & Peydró, José-Luis & Tous, Francesc R., 2016. "Securities trading by banks and credit supply: Micro-evidence from the crisis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(3), pages 569-594.
    3. Raymond Kim, 2024. "Hedging securities and Silicon Valley Bank idiosyncrasies," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(4), pages 653-672, April.
    4. Acharya, Viral & Chauhan, Rahul & Rajan, Raghuram & Steffen, Sascha, 2022. "Liquidity Dependence and the Waxing and Waning of Central Bank Balance Sheets," CEPR Discussion Papers 17622, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    5. Daniel Greenwald & John Krainer & Pascal Paul, 2024. "Monetary Transmission Through Bank Securities Portfolios," NBER Working Papers 32449, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Berger, Allen N. & Goulding, William & Rice, Tara, 2014. "Do small businesses still prefer community banks?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 264-278.
    7. Adam Ashcraft & Morten L. Bech & W. Scott Frame, 2010. "The Federal Home Loan Bank System: The Lender of Next-to-Last Resort?," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 42(4), pages 551-583, June.
    8. Scott E. Hein & Timothy W. Koch & Steven Scott MacDonald, 2005. "On the uniqueness of community banks," Economic Review, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 90(Q 1), pages 15-36.
    9. Christophe Pérignon & David Thesmar & Guillaume Vuillemey, 2018. "Wholesale Funding Dry‐Ups," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 73(2), pages 575-617, April.
    10. Abbassi, Puriya & Iyer, Rajkamal & Peydró, José-Luis & Tous, Francesc R., 2016. "Securities trading by banks and credit supply: Micro-evidence from the crisis," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 121(3), pages 569-594.
    11. Lars Leszczensky & Tobias Wolbring, 2022. "How to Deal With Reverse Causality Using Panel Data? Recommendations for Researchers Based on a Simulation Study," Sociological Methods & Research, , vol. 51(2), pages 837-865, May.
    12. Dong Beom Choi & Hyun-Soo Choi, 2021. "The Effect of Monetary Policy on Bank Wholesale Funding," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(1), pages 388-416, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Liang, Shuhan, 2025. "An analysis of how work stress affects employees' proactive work behavior: The moderating role of corporate financial support," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 85(PD).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Alves, Nuno & Bonfim, Diana & Soares, Carla, 2021. "Surviving the perfect storm: The role of the lender of last resort☆," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    2. Maximilian Grimm, 2024. "The Effect of Monetary Policy on Systemic Bank Funding Stability," ECONtribute Discussion Papers Series 341, University of Bonn and University of Cologne, Germany.
    3. Irani, Rustom & Iyer, Rajkamal & Meisenzahl, Ralf & Peydró, José-Luis, 2021. "The rise of shadow banking: Evidence from capital regulation," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, pages 2181-2235.
    4. Kurz, Michael & Kleimeier, Stefanie, 2019. "Credit Supply: Are there negative spillovers from banks’ proprietary trading? (RM/19/005-revised-)," Research Memorandum 026, Maastricht University, Graduate School of Business and Economics (GSBE).
    5. Bubeck, Johannes & Maddaloni, Angela & Peydró, José-Luis, 2020. "Negative Monetary Policy Rates and Systemic Banks' Risk‐Taking: Evidence from the Euro Area Securities Register," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 52(S1), pages 197-231.
    6. Toni Ahnert & Kartik Anand & Philipp Johann König, 2024. "Real Interest Rates, Bank Borrowing, and Fragility," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 56(6), pages 1545-1571, September.
    7. Puriya Abbassi & Rajkamal Iyer & José-Luis Peydró & Paul E. Soto, 2025. "Stressed Banks? Evidence from the Largest-Ever Supervisory Review," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 71(10), pages 8390-8412, October.
    8. Igor Kravchuk & Viktoriia Stoika, 2021. "Business Μodels of Βanks for the Financial Markets in the EU," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(2 - Part ), pages 371-382.
    9. Li, Boyao, 2024. "A balance sheet analysis of monetary policy effects on banks," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    10. Tomas Williams, 2018. "Capital Inflows, Sovereign Debt and Bank Lending: Micro-Evidence from an Emerging Market," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 31(12), pages 4958-4994.
    11. Robert Czech & Matt Roberts‐Sklar, 2019. "Investor behaviour and reaching for yield: Evidence from the sterling corporate bond market," Financial Markets, Institutions & Instruments, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(5), pages 347-379, December.
    12. Jijun Niu & Victor Y. Song, 2019. "Bank Trading, Capital, and Profitability," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 9(6), pages 1-14.
    13. Bilan, Andrada & Gündüz, Yalın, 2022. "CDS market structure and bond spreads," Discussion Papers 24/2022, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    14. Dang, Van Dan & Dang, Van Cuong, 2021. "Liquidity injection, bank lending, and security holdings: The asymmetric effects in Vietnam," The Journal of Economic Asymmetries, Elsevier, vol. 24(C).
    15. Paludkiewicz, Karol, 2021. "Unconventional Monetary Policy, Bank Lending, and Security Holdings: The Yield-Induced Portfolio-Rebalancing Channel," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 56(2), pages 531-568, March.
    16. Peydró, José-Luis & Polo, Andrea & Sette, Enrico, 2021. "Monetary policy at work: Security and credit application registers evidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 140(3), pages 789-814.
    17. Matthieu Chavaz & David Elliott, 2020. "Separating retail and investment banking: evidence from the UK," Bank of England working papers 892, Bank of England.
    18. Matías Lamas & David Martínez-Miera, 2021. "Sectorial holdings and stock prices: the household-bank nexus," Working Papers 2130, Banco de España.
    19. Albertazzi, Ugo & Barbiero, Francesca & Marqués-Ibáñez, David & Popov, Alexander & Rodriguez d’Acri, Costanza & Vlassopoulos, Thomas, 2020. "Monetary policy and bank stability: the analytical toolbox reviewed," Working Paper Series 2377, European Central Bank.
    20. Goel, Tirupam & Lewrick, Ulf & Tarashev, Nikola, 2020. "Bank capital allocation under multiple constraints," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 44(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • E02 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - General - - - Institutions and the Macroeconomy
    • E50 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:80:y:2025:i:c:s1544612325006014. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.