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A unified test for regression discontinuity designs

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  • Fusejima, Koki
  • Ishihara, Takuya
  • Sawada, Masayuki

Abstract

Diagnostic tests for regression discontinuity design face a size-control problem. We document a massive over-rejection of the diagnostic restriction among empirical studies in the top five economics journals. At least one diagnostic test was rejected for 19 out of 59 studies, whereas less than 5% of the collected 787 tests rejected the null hypotheses. In other words, one-third of the studies rejected at least one of their diagnostic tests, whereas their underlying identifying restrictions appear plausible. Multiple testing causes this problem because the median number of tests per study was as high as 12. The critical issue is the lack of a formal method to dismiss possibly false rejections caused by the multiple testing problem. Therefore, we offer unified tests to overcome the size-control problem. Our procedure is based on the new joint asymptotic normality of local polynomial mean and density estimates. In simulation studies, our unified tests outperformed the Bonferroni correction. We implement the procedure as an R package rdtest with two empirical examples in its vignettes.

Suggested Citation

  • Fusejima, Koki & Ishihara, Takuya & Sawada, Masayuki, 2025. "A unified test for regression discontinuity designs," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:econom:v:251:y:2025:i:c:s0304407625001289
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jeconom.2025.106074
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