Multi-function particle manipulation based on trigonometric-function vortex beams

Structured light with expanded degrees of freedom has become an important driving force for advanced optical manipulation in biology, medicine, and chemistry. However, achieving synchronized control over particle multiplicity, precise spatial positioning, specific rotational states, and stability against rotational Brownian motion remains an unresolved challenge for structured optical tweezers. To address this challenge, we present a multifunctional optical trapping platform based on modulated trigonometric vortex beams (MTVBs). A petal-like optical trap is formed with tailored nonlinear phase gradient, which provides stable, predictable particle confinement forces. Precise regulation of optical torque, namely programmable rotational control, is achieved by modulating the parameters in MTVBs. The trapping mechanism integrates gradient-force-based positional locking with restorative torque generated by anisotropic intensity distributions, enabling highly stable confinement against both translational and rotational fluctuations. Dynamically sculpting MTVBs further permits advanced manipulations, including cluster aggregation/dispersion, controlled rotation, and precise spatial positioning. With its inherent flexibility and tunability, the MTVB platform establishes a versatile foundation for next-generation optical tweezers and sophisticated manipulation schemes.