Vector quartic platicons and trapping dynamics with free carrier effects

Vector solitons, as one of the most promising candidates for applications in multi-comb systems, have attracted considerable research attention. Here, we numerically investigate that the different VQPs excited by turn-key method present rich properties arising from the collaboration of three-photon absorption (3PA), FC effects and nonlinear coupling strengthened by quartic dispersion. The parameter spaces of VQPs in distinct dispersion regimes including the spectral interval, FC lifetime and polarization angle illustrate dual-bright VQPs are more sensitive to the change of dispersion conditions than bright–dark VQPs. The influences of these key parameters on dual-bright and bright–dark VQPs are further revealed by the variation of full width at half maxima (FWHM). Notably, we identify several previously unreported states, including breathing VQPs and vector multi-soliton families. Moreover, the trapping phenomenon of VQPs is associated with the interplay process of cross-phase modulation (XPM) and group velocity mismatch under the pump scanning scheme. The analytical solution of trapped VQPs obtained by Lagrangian perturbation method clarify the relationship between several parameters. This work offers theoretical support for the development of vector solitonic pulses with 3PA and FC effects in the MIR, and enhances insights about trapping dynamics in microresonators.