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The child penalty in the rental housing market: Do landlords discriminate couples with children?

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Ziming
  • Wu, Xinrui
  • Yu, Zihan
  • Dong, Zhaoyingzi
  • Rommel, Jens

Abstract

We conduct a correspondence study to investigate whether couples with child are discriminated by landlords in rental housing markets. Based on 2390 messages sent to landlords across four megacities in China, we find that couples with children are 8.0 percentage points (pp) less likely to receive responses from landlords, and 5.9 pp. less likely to be invited to an open house by landlords. The responses received by couples with children are shorter and take longer on average. Discrimination is more pronounced in urban areas and during periods of heightened housing demand, such as after the Chinese New Year. We document empirical evidence of discrimination of couples with children in rental housing markets and the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of this discrimination, which pose a challenge for fertility policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Ziming & Wu, Xinrui & Yu, Zihan & Dong, Zhaoyingzi & Rommel, Jens, 2026. "The child penalty in the rental housing market: Do landlords discriminate couples with children?," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:chieco:v:97:y:2026:i:c:s1043951x26000519
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chieco.2026.102701
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