Insight between Energy Factors and Digitalization on Road Freight Volume: Evidence from Kazakhstan

Geopolitical instability in the world has a strong impact on energy prices and international relations. For Kazakhstan, which does not have direct access to the open ocean, freight transport by road is one of the main sources of transportation, and as a country connecting Europe and Asia, it is located in a transit environment, and a large number of transit trucks also pass through it daily. In this regard, the study of the impact of energy factors and the level of digitalization, which is currently widely used to optimize freight transport, on the overall transport turnover has become a topical issue. In this regard, the purpose of this research work is to determine the impact of energy factors and digitalization on the turnover of freight transported by road. The following variables, which are not similar to each other, but are closely related both directly and indirectly, were taken at the same time: Automobile cargotunrover (mln tonna-km), Transport consumer price index, Diesel price , Total final energy consumption in thousands of tons of oil equivalent in TRANSPORT, Inflation, Length of internal public roads (km), Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Transport (Energy) (Mt CO2e), ICT service exports (BoP, current US$), Fixed broadband subscriptions, Individuals using the Internet (% of population). Due to the complexity of the variables, two Nonlinear Autoregressive Distributed Lag econometric models were created. The model results and a number of useful recommendations are summarized in the Conclusion section.