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Energy Consumption as a Measure of Energy Efficiency and Emissions in the MENA Countries: Evidence from GMM-Based Quantile Regression Approach

Author

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  • Bashar Younis Subeih Alkhawaldeh

    (Faculty of Finance and Business, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq 25113, Jordan)

  • Hussein Ali Al-Zeaud

    (Faculty of Finance and Business, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq 25113, Jordan)

  • Mohammad Nassar Almarshad

    (AL-Balqa Applied University, Jordan.)

Abstract

Efficient efficiency of energy resources has been shown to have positive effects on both GDP growth and GHG emissions. While the negative effects of climate change and pollution continue to worsen, there has been a global slowdown in the rate at which energy efficiency is improving. In the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions can be considerably influenced by economic and energy consumption. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to apply the generalized method of moments based on a quantile regression approach (GMMQR) to data for CO2 emissions, energy efficiency, real income, and research and development in MENA from 1990 to 2021 in order to determine the factors that determine CO2 emissions under the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) framework. Overall, the data showed that energy efficiency had a 3.2% impact on emissions reduction across all quantiles. In order to achieve their goals of lowering emissions and strengthening energy security, MENA states must increase the efficiency with which they use petroleum. Energy efficiency policies may have rebound effects, which might reduce their efficiency, according to this study.

Suggested Citation

  • Bashar Younis Subeih Alkhawaldeh & Hussein Ali Al-Zeaud & Mohammad Nassar Almarshad, 2022. "Energy Consumption as a Measure of Energy Efficiency and Emissions in the MENA Countries: Evidence from GMM-Based Quantile Regression Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 12(5), pages 352-360, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:eco:journ2:2022-05-41
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ibrahim Muhammad Adam & Aminu Hassan Jakada & Ali Umar Ahmad & Ismail Aliyu Danmaraya & Abdullahi Daiyabu Marmara & Abdul-azeez Abubakar, 2021. "Financial Instability and the State of Environmental Quality in Nigeria," International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, Conscientia Beam, vol. 8(5), pages 318-331.
    2. Ibrahim Muhammad Adam & Aminu Hassan Jakada & Ali Umar Ahmad & Ismail Aliyu Danmaraya & Abdullahi Daiyabu Marmara & Abdul-azeez Abubakar, 2021. "Financial Instability and the State of Environmental Quality in Nigeria," International Journal of Business, Economics and Management, Conscientia Beam, vol. 8(5), pages 318-331.
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    Cited by:

    1. Baha Aldeen Mohammad Fraihat & Asma’a Al-Amarneh & Hadeel Yaseen & Miral R. Samarah & Bashar Younis Alkhawaldeh & Ola Buraik, 2023. "Trade Openness, Energy Consumption, and Financial Development Influence on Jordan’s Economy: Evidence from ARDL and Non-Granger Causality Test Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(6), pages 659-665, November.
    2. Hamzeh Alhawamdeh & Saad A. Al-Saad & Mohammad Salameh Almasarweh & Abd Al-Salam Ahmad Al-Hamad & Ahmad Y. A. Bani Bani Ahmad & Firas Tayseer Mohammad Ayasrah, 2023. "The Role of Energy Management Practices in Sustainable Tourism Development: A Case Study of Jerash, Jordan," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 13(6), pages 321-333, November.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Keyword Carbon Dioxide; Energy Efficiency; Environmental Kuznets Curve; GMMQR; MENA countries;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • Q51 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Valuation of Environmental Effects
    • B23 - Schools of Economic Thought and Methodology - - History of Economic Thought since 1925 - - - Econometrics; Quantitative and Mathematical Studies
    • O57 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Comparative Studies of Countries

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