IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eaa/eerese/v19y2019i1_5.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Evolución Del Comercio Exterior Por Aduana Según Producción Primaria En El Perú, 2005 – 2015

Author

Abstract

Diferentes estudios sobre el comercio internacional y la apertura comercial han concluido que estos tienen un efecto positivo sobre el crecimiento y el desarrollo de un país. Pero que, sin embargo, esta no termina por ser determinante sin políticas de integración comercial eficientes. Es ahí donde aparece la importancia de una aduana competitiva, encargada de agilizar procesos administrativos y de reducir los costes de transacción. En el caso peruano, un gran porcentaje de empresas manifestó haber presentado problemas de exportación, siendo la principal causa los excesos en los procedimientos aduaneros. Es decir, existe una potencial reducción de la competitividad comercial en el Perú a causa de la falta de eficiencia de las aduanas. Es así que el objetivo de la presente investigación fue la de dar a conocer la evolución del comercio internacional de todas las aduanas del Perú, haciendo énfasis en los productos que mayor representación tuvieron en volumen por toneladas y en valores FOB. De igual manera, también se identificó a los productos que mayor crecimiento tuvieron en la cantidad exportada de los últimos años, complementando la información con los departamentos que mayor aportaron en la producción de los mencionados productos, a fin de conocer una potencial oferta exportable existente en el país. Entre los principales hallazgos se encuentra que, a pesar de que la mayor producción del Perú proviene de la agricultura, la mayor representación de las exportaciones, tanto en toneladas como en valor FOB, fue proveniente de la minería (productos como el hierro, cobre u oro). Sin embargo, en los últimos años, los productos agrícolas fueron las que presentaron una tasa de crecimiento muy elevada (tales como las sandías, mandarinas, mangos y uvas frescas). Por el lado de las importaciones, se observó una fuerte centralización del flujo por la aduana Marítima del Callao (siete de cada diez toneladas importadas fueron por esta aduana). Different studies on international trade and trade liberalization have concluded that these have a positive effect on the growth and development of a country. However, this does not end up being decisive without efficient commercial integration policies. This is where the importance of a competitive customs office appears, in charge of streamlining administrative processes and reducing transaction costs. In the Peruvian case, a large percentage of companies said they had presented export problems, the main cause being excesses in customs procedures. That is to say, there is a potential reduction of commercial competitiveness in Peru due to the lack of efficiency of the customs. Thus, the objective of this research was to publicize the evolution of international trade of all Peruvian customs, emphasizing the products that had the highest representation in volume per ton and in FOB values. Likewise, the products with the highest growth in recent years were also identified, complementing the information with the departments that contributed the most in the production of the aforementioned products, in order to know a potential exportable supply existing in the country. Among the main findings is that, although the largest production in Peru comes from agriculture, the largest representation of exports, both in tons and in FOB value, was from mining (products such as iron, copper or gold). However, in recent years, agricultural products were those that showed a very high growth rate (such as watermelons, mandarins, mangoes and fresh grapes). On the side of imports, there was a strong centralization of the flow through the Marítima of Callao customs office (seven out of every ten tons imported by this customs office).

Suggested Citation

  • BALLENA, Victor, 2019. "Evolución Del Comercio Exterior Por Aduana Según Producción Primaria En El Perú, 2005 – 2015," Regional and Sectoral Economic Studies, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 19(1), pages 77-88.
  • Handle: RePEc:eaa:eerese:v:19:y2019:i:1_5
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.usc.es/~economet/reviews/eers1915.pdf
    Download Restriction: No.
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Comercio Exterior; Perú.;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eaa:eerese:v:19:y2019:i:1_5. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: M. Carmen Guisan (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.usc.es/economet/eaa.htm .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.