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Energy Consumption, Employment and Causality in Japan: A Multivariate Approach

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  • Benjamin S. Cheng

    (Southern University)

Abstract

Using Hsiao's version of Granger causality and cointegration, this study finds that employment (EP), energy consumption (EC), Real GNP (RGNP) and capital are not cointegrated. EC is found to negatively cause EP whereas EP and RNGP are found to directly cause EC. It is also found that capital negatively Granger-causes EP while RGNP and EP are found to strongly influence EC. The findings of this study seem to suggest that a policy of energy conservation may not be detrimental to a country such as Japan. In addition, the finding that energy and capital are substitutes implies that energy conservation will promote capital formation, given output constant.

Suggested Citation

  • Benjamin S. Cheng, 1998. "Energy Consumption, Employment and Causality in Japan: A Multivariate Approach," Indian Economic Review, Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics, vol. 33(1), pages 19-29, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:dse:indecr:v:33:y:1998:i:1:p:19-29
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    JEL classification:

    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy

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