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Sources of Heterogeneity in the Efficiency of Indian Pharmaceutical Firms

Author

Listed:
  • MAINAK MAZUMDAR

    (IIT, Jodhpur (Rajasthan) and CSH, New Delhi)

  • MEENAKSHI RAJEEV

    (ISEC, Bangalore, India)

  • SUBHASH C. RAY

    (University of Connecticut, USA)

Abstract

Using the nonparametric approach of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), this paper examines firm’s heterogeneity in the Indian pharmaceutical industry by measuring their input and output efficiencies for the period 1991 to 2005. The analysis establishes that even though firms have been able to make efficient use of inputs like labor and raw material, the output efficiency of the firms reveals a declining trend. The phenomenon can be attributed to the differences in the size of firms and the presence of economies of scale in production. Further analysis reveals the importance of firm specific factors like its strategies and structure for variation in output efficiency. We find firms that are vertically integrated with down-stream raw-material industry are more efficient. We also find that R&D is a possible strategic option for firms to gain higher efficiency but only for the large sized firms.

Suggested Citation

  • Mainak Mazumdar & Meenakshi Rajeev & Subhash C. Ray, 2012. "Sources of Heterogeneity in the Efficiency of Indian Pharmaceutical Firms," Indian Economic Review, Department of Economics, Delhi School of Economics, vol. 47(2), pages 191-221.
    • Handle: RePEc:dse:indecr:0053
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    Cited by:

    1. Varun Mahajan & D. K. Nauriyal & S. P. Singh, 2018. "Efficiency and Its Determinants: Panel Data Evidence from the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry," Margin: The Journal of Applied Economic Research, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 12(1), pages 19-40, February.
    2. Varun Mahajan & D. K. Nauriyal & S. P. Singh, 2020. "Domestic market competitiveness of Indian drug and pharmaceutical industry," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 519-559, June.
    3. Arpita Ghose & Chandrima Chakraborti, 2013. "The Relative Role of Imports and Exports in Explaining Productivity of Indian Bio-Pharmaceutical Firms: Evidence from Non Parametric Data Envelopment Analysis," Foreign Trade Review, , vol. 48(2), pages 165-201, May.

    More about this item

    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance
    • L65 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Chemicals; Rubber; Drugs; Biotechnology; Plastics

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