Impact of Dysbiosis on Intestinal Health in Young Adults with Chronic Inflammatory Diseases

Introduction: Gut microbiota played an essential role in human health, especially in functions such as digestion, vitamin synthesis and immune regulation. When this microbial balance was altered, dysbiosis emerged, a condition associated with chronic inflammatory diseases (CID) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. In Argentina, these pathologies significantly affected young adults, influenced by factors such as industrialized diets and the excessive use of antibiotics. This study analyzed the relationship between intestinal microbiota and CID in this vulnerable population. Development: The investigation revealed that patients with CID presented a lower bacterial diversity and an increase in proinflammatory species, such as adherent-invasive *Escherichia coli*. Environmental factors such as a diet low in fiber and rich in saturated fats, as well as the early use of antibiotics, contributed to these microbial alterations. In addition, dysbiosis was found to be associated with increased inflammatory biomarkers and greater clinical severity. Genetic influences on the predisposition to develop dysbiosis were also identified. The study considered emerging treatments, such as the use of probiotics, prebiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation, which offered promising but still preliminary results. Conclusions: It was concluded that intestinal dysbiosis played a determinant role in the development and progression of CID in young adults. The need to implement public health policies that promote healthy eating habits and control the use of antibiotics was highlighted, as well as the need to promote new research on therapeutic interventions based on the microbiota.