Progress and challenges in the implementation of PrEP in Latin America

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has become a key tool in HIV prevention in Latin America, although its implementation has been uneven across countries. Brazil led the way in 2017, focusing on high-risk populations such as men who have sex with men and transgender women. Argentina integrated PrEP into its combined prevention strategy through specialised centres and clinical guidelines. Uruguay developed specific guidelines and pilot programmes, while Chile focused on studies and training. Bolivia and Paraguay recently began incorporating PrEP into their public health systems, facing challenges in data collection and access. PrEP use was associated with both a possible increase in risky sexual behaviour and earlier detection of STIs thanks to frequent access to health services. Low coverage and factors such as stigma, lack of knowledge, and infrastructure limitations were common obstacles. Despite this, PrEP proved to be an effective strategy for reducing HIV, underscoring the need for sustainable and inclusive public policies to expand its impact in the region.