The Role of Nursing in Organ Donation and Transplantation: Ethical, Legal and Clinical Aspects

The article addressed organ transplantation as a global challenge due to the limited supply in the face of growing demand, highlighting the associated ethical, legal and clinical complexities. It analyzed the regulatory framework in Argentina, emphasizing Law No. 27447 which promoted a historical increase in donation rates per million inhabitants. He reviewed the historical evolution of transplantation from its first practices to its consolidation as an essential medical procedure, highlighting technological advances and the importance of immunosuppressants to avoid organ rejection. The key role of health personnel in the stages of the process, from donor detection to hemodynamic maintenance and family support, was highlighted, underlining the importance of continuous training. The pathophysiological changes that occur in the donor in brain death (BD) were explored, emphasizing the need for rigorous monitoring to ensure organ viability. The article also addressed the ethical and bioethical principles that guide transplantation practice, including dignity, solidarity, justice and informed consent, as essential pillars to guarantee a transparent process that respects the rights of those involved. Finally, it was concluded that the combination of technological and regulatory advances and the professionalization of health personnel are essential to optimize the donation and transplantation processes, ensuring sustainability and equal access for patients on the waiting list