Episiotomy: from common practice to selective intervention

Episiotomy was a surgical incision made in the perineum during childbirth to facilitate the delivery of the baby and prevent severe tearing. Although traditionally used routinely, its use was questioned due to a lack of evidence of its benefits and the complications it could cause. Studies showed that it caused more pain and slower recovery than natural tearing. Complications included bleeding, infection, pain during sexual intercourse and, in severe cases, fistulas. The WHO advised against its routine use and promoted its use only in justified cases. In Argentina, although it was common, more restrictive policies were adopted, which showed better results for women.