Comparative Analysis of Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy in Treating Advanced Cancer

Cancer is still one of the main reasons of death in the world, and treating cancers in their later stages is very hard. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy are the two main ways to treat advanced cancer. They work in different ways and have different benefits and drawbacks. This essay looks at chemotherapy and immunotherapy side by side, comparing how well they work, how safe they are, and how they affect patient results when treating advanced cancers. Chemotherapy is a common treatment that targets cancer cells that divide quickly. This shrinks the growth and stops the disease from getting worse. While chemotherapy has been shown to help some types of cancer, it often comes with serious side effects like weakened immune systems, stomach problems, and hair loss that can make patients' quality of life very bad. Immunotherapy, on the other hand, uses the immune system to find cancer cells and kill them. Immunotherapy, on the other hand, can cause long-lasting recovery by activating immune reactions that target cancer cells, and in some cases, it has fewer side effects. Several methods are used in this method, including immune checkpoint inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies, and cancer medicines. Immunotherapy has shown promise in treating cancers that didn't respond to treatment before, like melanoma, lung cancer, and some types of lymphoma. On the other hand, immunotherapy can cause immune-related side effects like swelling in good organs, which could lead to major problems. This review looks at the most important studies and clinical trials that have compared how well and safely chemotherapy and immunotherapy treat advanced cancer. We look at the rates of reaction, total survival, progression-free survival, and unfavorable events that happen with these different types of treatment. The study also talks about the things that affect the choice of treatment, such as the type of cancer, the patient's health, and their previous treatment history.