Educational Performance and the Role of E-Learning, Digital Leadership, and Digital Innovation: A Study of High Schools in Jordan in the Context of 5G

Introduction: This study examines the impact of e-learning, digital leadership, and digital innovation on educational performance in high schools, focusing on Jordan's transition to 5G technology. It explores how these factors enhance educational outcomes in a developing country facing technological and infrastructural challenges. Methods: A quantitative approach was used, collecting data from 385 high school teachers in Jordan through a cross-sectional survey. The study employed Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the relationships between e-learning, digital leadership, digital innovation, and educational performance. Results: The findings indicate that e-learning significantly improves educational performance by offering flexible and interactive learning environments. Digital leadership is crucial for guiding digital transformation and fostering innovation, while digital innovation, including AI, VR, and AR, enhances teaching methods and student engagement, leading to better educational outcomes. Conclusions: The study concludes that integrating e-learning platforms, effective digital leadership, and digital innovation is essential for improving high school performance. Policymakers and school administrators should invest in digital infrastructure, provide teacher training, and promote a culture of innovation to prepare students for a technology-driven future. This research offers valuable insights for enhancing educational practices in developing countries like Jordan.