Theoretical and Practical Exploration of Digital Technologies Empowering Precision Planning of Urban Green Space Systems

Urban green spaces (UGS) play a critical and multifaceted role in enhancing ecological resilience, promoting public health, and significantly improving the overall livability of modern cities. However, the unprecedented and rapid pace of global urbanization poses severe challenges to their efficient planning, equitable distribution, and long-term management. Traditional planning methodologies often lack the necessary granularity and dynamic responsiveness required to address these complex urban ecosystems. Consequently, this paper comprehensively explores how advanced digital technologies-specifically Geographic Information Systems (GIS), high-resolution remote sensing, the Internet of Things (IoT), big data analytics, and artificial intelligence (AI)-can profoundly empower the precision planning of urban green space systems. Through a systematic review of both international and domestic research literature, an examination of robust theoretical foundations, and detailed empirical case studies, this study critically analyzes the operational effectiveness, inherent challenges, and promising future directions of data-driven UGS planning. The findings indicate that the seamless integration of these digital tools fundamentally facilitates evidence-based decision-making, enables precise spatial optimization, allows for continuous real-time environmental monitoring, and fosters broader community participation. Ultimately, this technological synergy overcomes the limitations of conventional approaches, providing innovative and highly effective new paradigms for achieving sustainable urban development and fostering resilient, future-ready smart cities.