Research on Collaborative Optimization of Airport Taxiing Paths and Runway Capacity Based on Rapid Exit Taxiway Departure Mode

To address the increasingly prominent issue of inefficient utilization of runway resources, which is primarily caused by the excessive occupancy of runway infrastructure by small aircraft during peak operational periods, this paper proposes an innovative approach utilizing rapid exit taxiways for aircraft takeoff procedures. In order to systematically evaluate and implement this strategy, we develop a comprehensive two-stage collaborative optimization model that seamlessly integrates taxiing path optimization with dynamic runway departure scheduling. By thoroughly considering complex airport surface operation rules and safety constraints, a joint optimization framework for both taxiing paths and takeoff entrance allocation is rigorously formulated. The primary objective functions of this mathematical model are designed to minimize overall taxiing time and significantly reduce runway occupancy time. To effectively solve the proposed model and handle its computational complexity, an advanced hybrid approach combining a genetic algorithm and mixed-integer programming is employed. Extensive case study simulations are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed methodology. The empirical results demonstrate substantial improvements across key performance indicators: the total taxiing time is reduced by 13.41%, the average runway occupancy time is decreased by 6.82%, and the overall runway capacity is increased by 6.93% following the optimization process. Ultimately, these findings clearly indicate that the proposed rapid exit taxiway takeoff mode can effectively alleviate severe runway-end queuing bottlenecks by strategically increasing the number of available takeoff entrances. This approach thereby improves surface taxiing efficiency and substantially enhances overall runway capacity when compared with conventional airport operation modes.