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„Gazellen“ - schnell wachsende Jungunternehmen: Definitionen, Forschungsrichtungen und Implikationen

Author

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  • Sean Patrick Saßmannshausen
  • Christine Volkmann

Abstract

Schnell wachsende Jungunternehmen - bildlich als „Gazellen“ bezeichnet - sind von großer Bedeutung für die positiven ökonomischen Effekte, die man mit Entrepreneurship verbindet. Dennoch ist der Begriff der „Gazelle“ in der Literatur noch nicht annähernd einheitlich definiert. Dieser Beitrag macht mit den wesentlichen Begriffsdefinitionen vertraut und unterzieht diese einer kritischen Würdigung. Es werden vier grundsätzliche Forschungsrichtungen identifiziert, die sich um das Thema „Gazellen“ etabliert haben: (1) phänomenologische Beschreibungen, (2) volkswirtschaftliche Wirkungen, (3) Rahmenbedingungen ihrer Entstehung (externe Erfolgsfaktoren), sowie (4) Gründungs- und Wachstumsmanagement (interne Erfolgsfaktoren). Ein Überblick über die Literatur soll einen vertiefenden Einstieg in die Thematik erleichtern. Abschließend werden definitorische Forderungen, Probleme bei der Auswahl von Stichproben und Empfehlungen für die zukünftige Erforschung von schnell wachsenden Jungunternehmen formuliert. / High growth new ventures are particularly relevant for the positive effects associated with entrepreneurship. However, there is no well-established definition of the term „high growth new venture“ (or, in short „gazelle“). This article will introduce the most common definitions. We will then critically analyze those definitions and develop suggestions for their improvement. We identify four major themes of „gazelles“ research: (1) phenomenological approaches, (2) economic impact, (3) environmental and institutional preconditions (external factors of success), and (4) foundation and growth management (internal factors of success). An overview of the literature is provided. We end with addressing the improvement of definitions, sampling issues in empirical research, and future research challenges.

Suggested Citation

  • Sean Patrick Saßmannshausen & Christine Volkmann, 2012. "„Gazellen“ - schnell wachsende Jungunternehmen: Definitionen, Forschungsrichtungen und Implikationen," ZfKE – Zeitschrift für KMU und Entrepreneurship, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin, vol. 60(2), pages 163-177.
  • Handle: RePEc:dah:aeqzfk:v60_y2012_i2_q2_p163-177
    DOI: 10.3790/zfke.60.2.163
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