Le gaz naturel et la politique gazière en Algérie ; quels enjeux ?

Since 2014, the oil market has experienced high price volatility. The COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 had the first consequence of the decline in the price of oil. To this end, Algeria has experienced a decline in its revenues from oil exports, among the most important sources of financing for its economy. Since then, the government has been trying, as best it can, to rush into the process of diversifying exports. In the meantime, to gradually begin a structural transformation that is the basis of industrial and economic diversification, it is perhaps wiser to seek to develop another energy, more abundant in Algeria whose external demand is expanding, particularly with the current geopolitical situation, namely the war in Ukraine. Natural gas. The objective of this work is to expose the challenges that the State has defined for itself in order to revalue the gas subsector in order to meet domestic demand and to expand its exports and improve its gas revenues, which will allow it to finance its energy transition and get out of its dependence on oil as a priority. Finally, we carried out an empirical analysis using ARDL models, to define the most relevant determinants of gas exports and on which action must be taken. We have concluded that domestic demand for gas has a negative impact on gas exports especially in the long term and therefore there is an urgent need to strengthen the internal energy management policy.