Assessing the Socio-Economic Role of Textile-Based MSMEs in Assam

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) are widely recognised as critical drivers of inclusive growth and sustainable development, particularly in developing economies. Within this landscape, textile-based MSMEs occupy a distinctive position due to their labour-intensive nature, cultural embeddedness, and strong participation of women. This study empirically examines the socio-economic contributions of textile-based MSMEs in Assam, with specific reference to their alignment with selected socio-economic Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Using primary data collected from 90 textile-based MSMEs across the three leading textile-producing districts of Assam, viz., Kamrup, Nagaon, and Nalbari. The study employs descriptive statistical analysis to assess demographic characteristics, organisational structures, and welfare-related outcomes. The findings reveal that textile-based MSMEs in Assam are overwhelmingly women-led, self-operated, and livelihood-oriented enterprises, deeply rooted in traditional knowledge systems. Despite low levels of formal education and limited awareness of the SDGs, these enterprises contribute positively to socio-economic well-being through women’s empowerment, participation in decision-making, basic workplace safety, sanitation, and partial wage equality. However, the study also identifies significant gaps in welfare provisions, health security, skill development, and structured poverty alleviation efforts.