Periodontal status in people with HIV in the municipality of Pinar del Río

Introduction: infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reduces the functionality of the immune system and favors the appearance of different pathologies, including periodontal disease. Objective: to characterize periodontal disease in people living with HIV. Methods: an analytical observational cross-sectional study was conducted in people living with HIV during the period 2022-2023. The universe included patients living with HIV in the municipality of Pinar del Río (N=381). The sample (non-probabilistic intentional), included 350 patients according to inclusion criteria. The revised Russell's Oral Hygiene and Periodontal indices were used. For the statistical analysis, absolute and percentage frequencies were used, in addition to the inferential calculation of X2, contingency coefficient, confidence interval and relative risk. Results: the presence of periodontal disease and advanced gingivitis stood out. Men between 35 and 49 years of age predominated. The most affected by periodontal disease were male patients aged 60 years and older. The most observed risk factors were dentobacterial plaque and the presence of calculus. Poor oral hygiene prevailed, followed by regular in patients with periodontal disease. The sample was characterized by a predominance of asymptomatic patients. In the presence of periodontal disease, severe and advanced stages increased. Conclusions: significant statistical association of periodontal status with age, sex, oral hygiene and clinical stages of HIV infection was identified.